Time-dependent variations in desorbed gas composition: methodological analysis of asphaltite vein investigation results

In this study, a phenomenon that can have significant technical and economic impacts in the mining and unconventional gas production of hydrocarbon resources is discussed, change of gas composition during desorption period. The change is analyzed, related findings are obtained and engineering tools are forged. In this scope, a member of the Southeastern Turkey asphaltite's gas content and composition character was examined. 12+1 samples were collected at equal intervals from an inclined drillhole that cut through the asphaltite vein. The United States Bureau of Mines (USBM) direct method was employed to determine the gas content. Gas composition analysis was performed on gas samples, which were collected four times throughout the desorption period. Residual gas composition is determined as well. During desorption period, methane and hydrogen ratios exhibited decreasing trends, while others have increasing trends. In evaluating of the collected data, the desorption order between gas compounds are revealed. Logarithmic trend functions are generated to estimate the concentrations of gas compounds at specific time points. With these functions and gas content measurement data, weighted average concentrations for gas compounds are determined. These concentration functions and the weighted average results are used to create engineering tools showing unit energy content of desorbed gas through desorption period both instantaneous and cumulative. Similarly, change in lower explosive limit and auto-ignition temperature during desoption period is shown. The weighted average gas concentrations obtained are used to interpret geological insights as they are the actual gas composition of the samples. In the study, gas content characteristic properties of Üçkardeşler asphaltite vein is comprehensively presented. Accordingly, the mean gas content, excluding one sample with a value of 2.78 m³/t at a location near a fault intersection, was found to be 1.66 m³/t. The average volumetric concentrations of methane, ethane, propane, and acetylene in the desorbed gas were determined as 61.6%, 24.5%, 10.7%, and 2.3%, respectively. The remaining part primarily consisted of heavier hydrocarbons, with low amounts of carbon dioxide and hydrogen.