The Innovative Algorithm of the Hill Muscle Model for the Biceps Brachii Muscle in the Sagittal Plane

Hill-type muscle models play a crucial role in biomechanics, aiding in the prediction and understanding of muscle behavior, particularly when direct force measurement is challenging. They are instrumental in evaluating anatomical changes resulting from external loads affecting internal forces on anatomical structures. This study aims to develop a modeling framework based on the Hill model to predict and preempt changes in internal forces caused by various loads. Factors such as increased desk work during the pandemic, musculoskeletal deformations in earthquake victims, injuries from wars, athlete rehabilitation, and cumulative musculoskeletal injuries in daily work are considered. A mathematical model based on the Hill muscle model was designed, verified experimentally and numerically, focusing on the Biceps Brachii muscle and its associated structures. EMG signals were collected using the Biopac Device and simulated in Matlab. This approach offers a platform for assessing current and future states of internal forces, predicting musculoskeletal disorders, and investigating factors affecting muscle performance. Furthermore, the study suggests potential applications in improving rehabilitation processes through prosthetic and orthosis design, as well as enhancing the quality of life for Parkinson's patients.