Sled Dog Optimization Algorithm Based PID/TID Controller for Load Frequency Control in Interconnected Power Systems

This study proposes a new approach, the sled dog optimization (SDO) algorithm for the load frequency control (LFC) problem in electric power systems. The proposed SDO algorithm optimizes the gain parameters of both the conventional PID controller and a new TID controller used in LFC. The proposed SDO method is tested on a two-area test system containing non-reheat thermal generation units under a 0.1 p.u load disturbance scenario in Area-I. Integral of time-weighted absolute error (ITAE) metric is used as the objective function in the optimization of the PID/TID controllers. The obtained results are compared with the literature results of ISFS, SFS, TLBO and SOSA methods. The proposed SDO: PID controller gives the best ITAE result with the value of 0.16903, while SOSA: PID controller gives the value of 0.25332, SFS: PID 0.27361, ISFS: PID 0.30631 and TLBO: PID 1.0314. In addition, a new TID controller is proposed to be used in LFC and it is seen that SDO: TID controller provides the best controller with 0.089181 ITAE value compared to PID controllers. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed SDO algorithm ensures the most stable frequency stability when used with the conventional control method, the PID controller, compared to other methods. Moreover, when used with the new control method, the TID controller, it proves its superior performance over the PID controller. With this study, the proposed SDO algorithm can be improved for the LFC problem in electric power systems.