River, alluvial fan and landslide interactions in a tributary junction setting: Implications for tectonic controls on Quaternary fluvial landscape development (Central Anatolian Plateau northern margin, Turkey)

Kevin P. McClain*, Cengiz Yıldırım, Attila Çiner, M. Akif Sarıkaya, Orkan Özcan, Tolga Görüm, Oğuzhan Köse, Sefa Şahin, Nafiye Güneç Kıyak, Tuğba Öztürk

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Araştırma sonucu: Dergiye katkıMakalebilirkişi

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Özet

Along the western flank of the northern margin (Central Pontides) of the Central Anatolian Plateau, the humidity from the Black Sea is much higher than the central and eastern flanks and creates a complex relationship between surface and tectonic processes by triggering intense mass wasting activity and aggradation within narrow valleys. We identified three incised fill terrace levels and used Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating to calculate fluvial sediment ages and cosmogenic 36Cl exposure dating to calculate limestone boulders exposure ages across the terrace surface. Stratigraphical interpretations and OSL ages of the lowest levels revealed that a fluvial fill terrace formed in the main valley at 275.6 ± 12.8 ka and was overlain by a main river-tributary junction alluvial fan that was abandoned at 39.5 ± 3.5 ka. The results collectively show the influence of climate, topography, hillslope processes, and lithology on aggradation-incision patterns of main rivers. Prolonged aggradation can prevent the channel equilibrium required to calculate rock uplift rates while also causing a new base-level and aggradation upstream. This effect can be exacerbated in uplifting mountainous regions with limited depositional areas. Bedrock incision rates based on the fluvial terrace age were between 0.15 and 0.2 mm/a since 39.5 ± 3.5 ka. However, the high aggradation within this segment of the main valley prevented incision of the channel bedrock for long periods, causing a potential underestimation of the rock uplift rate calculation. Our local period of aggradation appears to be related to increased aggradation and decreased bedrock incision rates measured 14 km upstream that were previously assumed to be the result of decreased tectonic uplift rates. This demonstrates the importance of corroborating strath terrace incision rate estimations with ages and incision rates of downstream fill terraces, if present, to check for potential interference with the tectonic signal.

Orijinal dilİngilizce
Makale numarası107567
DergiGeomorphology
Hacim376
DOI'lar
Yayın durumuYayınlandı - 1 Mar 2021

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Finansman

This work was supported by the European Commission within the Marie Curie-ITN ALErT Project [grant number FP7-PEOPLE-2013-ITN , number 607996] and the Istanbul Technical University BAP Project [grant number TDK-2017-40776 ]. We would also like to thank the CNRS-ASTER Laboratory in Aix en Provence France for AMS measurements and AcmeLabs, Canada for measurements of major and trace element concentrations. Reviews by the Geomorphology editor, Sarah Boulton (University of Plymouth), Tim Barrows (University of Wollongong), and an anonymous reviewer have greatly helped to improve the content of this work. This work was supported by the European Commission within the Marie Curie-ITN ALErT Project [grant number FP7-PEOPLE-2013-ITN, number 607996] and the Istanbul Technical University BAP Project [grant number TDK-2017-40776]. We would also like to thank the CNRS-ASTER Laboratory in Aix en Provence France for AMS measurements and AcmeLabs, Canada for measurements of major and trace element concentrations. Reviews by the Geomorphology editor, Sarah Boulton (University of Plymouth), Tim Barrows (University of Wollongong), and an anonymous reviewer have greatly helped to improve the content of this work.

FinansörlerFinansör numarası
CNRS-ASTER Laboratory in Aix en Provence
Istanbul Technical University BAP ProjectTDK-2017-40776
European Commission607996, FP7-PEOPLE-2013-ITN
Plymouth University

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