Quadrature channel modulation

In this letter, we propose the concept of quadrature channel modulation (QCM) by combining quadrature spatial modulation (QSM) and media-based modulation (MBM) transmission principles. The proposed QCM schemes exploit not only the in-phase and quadrature components of complex data symbols for antenna indexing but also channel states for the transmission of additional information bits through index modulation by employing a single radio frequency (RF) chain. It is shown via numerical studies that the proposed QCM schemes can outperform the existing emerging schemes such as QSM, plain MBM, and spatial modulation-based MBM, which also employ a single RF chain at their transmitters.