Optimizing Distribution Center Locations for Disaster Relief: A Multi-Objective Model and Case Study in Istanbul

Effective distribution center location planning is crucial in disaster management, as it significantly influences the transportation, storage, and delivery of relief supplies to affected areas. This study uses a novel multi-objective mathematical programming model to optimize the concurrent selection of main distribution centers (MDCs) and local distribution centers (LDCs). The model addresses six key objectives: minimizing distances between demand points, LDCs, and MDCs; determining optimal numbers of LDCs and MDCs; reducing unsatisfied demand; improving citizens' accessibility to LDCs; and evaluating the suitability of selected centers for humanitarian operations. A goal programming approach is used to solve the model effectively. The model's applicability and efficacy are demonstrated through a case study in Istanbul, a region prone to seismic activity, with detailed sensitivity analyses validating its performance. By tackling the complexities of distribution center location planning in disaster management, this study enhances the efficiency and resilience of humanitarian logistics, ensuring the timely and effective delivery of relief supplies during crises.