TY - JOUR
T1 - Inventory of shipping emissions in Izmit gulf, Turkey
AU - Kiliç, Alper
AU - Deniz, Cengiz
PY - 2010/7
Y1 - 2010/7
N2 - Ships are significant emissions sources in transportation sector. The environmental effects of shipping emissions become more serious because of insufficient international rules and inspections. Especially in inland waters, canals, straits, gulfs, and port areas emissions effects on environment and health are more important. Izmit Gulf is the major industrial, transport, and inland water region which is affected from shipping emissions with 37 ports and industrial plants. In this study, NO χ, SO 2, CO 2, HC, and PM emission amounts from 11,645 ships called to Izmit Gulf in 2005. These emissions are classified according to ships operation modes and ship types. Annual shipping emissions are estimated as 5,356 t yr -1 for NO χ, 4,305 t yr -1 for SO 2, 254,261 t yr -1 for CO 2, 232 t yr -1 for HC and 487 t yr -1 for PM. To determine the most probably effected regions in the gulf, the spatial distribution of NO χ emissions within the Gulf region has been prepared in 1 × 1 Nm 2 (Nautical miles) grid cells based on ship movement data along the various routes. Ships in Izmit Gulf contribute to urban pollution with sulfur dioxide significantly.
AB - Ships are significant emissions sources in transportation sector. The environmental effects of shipping emissions become more serious because of insufficient international rules and inspections. Especially in inland waters, canals, straits, gulfs, and port areas emissions effects on environment and health are more important. Izmit Gulf is the major industrial, transport, and inland water region which is affected from shipping emissions with 37 ports and industrial plants. In this study, NO χ, SO 2, CO 2, HC, and PM emission amounts from 11,645 ships called to Izmit Gulf in 2005. These emissions are classified according to ships operation modes and ship types. Annual shipping emissions are estimated as 5,356 t yr -1 for NO χ, 4,305 t yr -1 for SO 2, 254,261 t yr -1 for CO 2, 232 t yr -1 for HC and 487 t yr -1 for PM. To determine the most probably effected regions in the gulf, the spatial distribution of NO χ emissions within the Gulf region has been prepared in 1 × 1 Nm 2 (Nautical miles) grid cells based on ship movement data along the various routes. Ships in Izmit Gulf contribute to urban pollution with sulfur dioxide significantly.
KW - Air pollution
KW - Emission
KW - Izmit Gulf
KW - Port
KW - Ship
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77953709686&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/ep.10365
DO - 10.1002/ep.10365
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:77953709686
SN - 1944-7442
VL - 29
SP - 221
EP - 232
JO - Environmental Progress and Sustainable Energy
JF - Environmental Progress and Sustainable Energy
IS - 2
ER -