Improving osseointegration of alumina/zirconia ceramic implants by fluoride surface treatment

In the present study, new bioceramic with the composition 75%Al₂O₃-25%3Y-TZP was investigated in vitro and in vivo with the aim of evaluating the osseointegration improvement by surface modification upon SnF₂ and NaBF₄ treatment. In vitro tests were carried out in human fibroblasts culture, whereas in vivo tests were performed using an animal model (rabbit). Morphological details of the fibroblasts attached on the surfaces were emphasized by SEM showing the formation of a shell-like coating after 24 hours incubation. Histological images demonstrated the biocompatibility of the treated implants as no gaps, fibrous tissue, multinucleated cells or inflamation were found at the bone implant interface. A better bone to implant contact was noticed in the case of SnF₂ treatment. The results are in agreement with some previously reported studies that also justify the long-term effectiveness of topical fluoride treatment in dentistry and maxillofacial applications.