Implications of NFV-SDN technology: An exploratory study of Turkish telecom industry

Network virtualization technology converts dedicated software-based network functions into versatile virtual software, reducing reliance on specific hardware. Network Function Virtualization (NFV) and Software Defined Networks (SDN) concepts drive this transformation, empowering service providers to deploy new functions and expand networks rapidly. These technologies significantly trim communication service providers’ costs and enable migration toward cloud-based infrastructures, fostering scalability and automation. NFV-SDN’s potential to disrupt telecom hardware markets underscores their importance. However, research on the implications of NFV-SDN’s bearing scenarios of convergence potential in the telecom industry is scarce, especially regarding technology-follower emerging economies with large markets. Utilizing Delphi Research, this qualitative study delves into the impact of NFV–SDN adoption in Türkiye’s telecom sector, analyzing their top benefits and implications on digital transformation and deployment scenarios. The assessment of the potential of the scenarios revealed that core network virtualization stands out as a pivotal scenario. We analyze this scenario to show the associated costs, influence on industry players, and automation aspects. The government’s influence is assessed through the lenses of technology, R&D, and human resources based on expert insights. Key challenges involve preserving skilled human resources and addressing economic obstacles.