Green synthesis of hollow palladium oxide (PdO) nanoparticles using cyclodextrins for hydrogen evolution reactions (HER)

Palladium oxide nanoparticles (PdO-NPs) have emerged as highly effective heterogeneous catalysts, playing a crucial role in a variety of chemical reactions, such as hydrogenation and hydrogen evolution reactions (HER). Consequently, significant efforts have been directed toward the development of PdO-NPs with varying morphologies to enhance their catalytic performance. In this study, we present a novel, environmentally friendly one-pot synthesis of hollow PdO-NPs mediated by cyclodextrins (CDs). Remarkably, the use of hydroxypropyl (HP) β-CD, instead of the β-CD, proved essential in driving the formation of hollow PdO-NPs. These uniquely structured PdO-NPs demonstrated high performance in HER, underscoring their potential for improved catalytic applications.