Fabrication and characterization of nano-HA-45S5 bioglass composite coatings on calcium-phosphate containing micro-arc oxidized CP-Ti substrates

In the present study, micro-arc oxidation (MAO) was carried out on commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) to fabricate porous titanium oxide coatings containing calcium phosphates (CaP) at different applied voltages of 300, 330 and 360 V for 5 min. Subsequently, nano-hydroxyapatite (HA) and HA-45S5 bioglass (BG) composite were effectively coated on micro-arc oxidized substrate by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) at a constant voltage of 30 V for 120 s. The phase, structural agents, microstructure and composition of MAO interlayer and subsequent EPD coatings were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, respectively. Thermal stability of the as-deposited coatings was analyzed by simultaneous differential scanning calorimetry and thermal gravimetery. The pull-off adhesion tests showed the highest bonding strength was obtained for HA-BG coating on micro-oxidized sample at 360 V. The results of potentiodynamic polarization and impedance spectroscopic measurements in simulated body fluid solution depicted that the combination of MAO treatment at 360 V and EPD of HA-BG composite could effectively increase the corrosion resistance of CP-Ti substrates.