Exploring Brand Loyalty and Its Relationship with Store Loyalty Using Fuzzy C-Means and Propensity Score Matching

Brand loyalty is an important factor for companies to consider, as it can affect their ability to generate revenue and grow their business. The purpose of this study is twofold: first, it aims to examine the determinants of brand loyalty in the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) sector using household consumer panel data. To do this we propose a definition of brand loyalty based on household consumption volumes in different FMCG channels and then utilize machine learning techniques including Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) to segment customers based on their purchasing behavior, predict consumers’ brand loyalty, and identify the factors influencing brand loyalty. Secondly, we aim to investigate the relationship between store loyalty and brand loyalty using Propensity Score Matching (PSM). Results reveal that customers who show loyalty to stores are also more likely to show loyalty to particular brands.