Evaluation of decarbonization strategies for existing ships

Various approaches such as usage of alternative fuels, implementation of slow steaming, adaptation of carbon capture system, are evaluated to determine if they meet the decarbonization aim introduced by International Maritime Organization. These methods can be categorized under two headings; utilization and adaptation of alternative marine fuels and alternative energy sources and application of operational efficiency increasing methods. These approaches allow maritime companies to increase the energy efficiency of marine vessels, reduce fuel consumption and the amount of emissions emitted to the atmosphere. To achieve the decarbonization aim, these strategies could be used in a singular way or in a hybrid design according to its suitability, availability, and meet desired performance. The advantageous and disadvantageous sides of each method were discussed, in detail. As a result of the study, significant findings have been presented to maritime companies, stakeholders, and researchers.