Electrified Location Routing Problem with Energy Consumption for Resources Restricted Archipelagos: Case of Buyukada

In present study we focus on a special case problem for an island where the transportation is mainly based on barouches pulled by horses due to the limitation on the use of internal combustion engine vehicles. Both the daily travels of islanders and touristic tours of visitors are provided by barouches that are operated as private travel mode, where they serve to meet individual travelers' demands. Our motivation has therefore been to alternate barouches with electric vehicles in conjunction with determining the locations of recharging stations in order to respect the animal rights and pollution concerns. Considering the rugged topology of the case area, we notice the limitations and benefits of EVs. On one hand, noticing the slope climbing restrictions and limited driving range of EVs may be accepted as the most significant challenges of alternating the vehicle types of the fleet. On the other hand, the potential of regenerative energy, together with the reduced emission effects, is a promising feature of EVs. In this context, we formulate an Electrified Location Routing Problem using mixed integer linear programming by realistically calculating the battery load considering explicitly the driving resistances and the potential regenerative braking.