Dose mapping of a ²⁵²Cf based non-destructive on-line elemental analysis device using Monte Carlo simulation and verification with experimental results

Environmental dose values are critical for human health in non-destructive analysis systems. The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has defined specific limitations for permissible dose values. This study assesses the dose distribution of a prototype analysis device utilizing Californium-252 (²⁵²Cf) radioactive material through both Monte Carlo simulations and laboratory experiments. Conducted at the Istanbul Technical University (ITU) Energy Institute, the experimental investigation measured gamma-ray and neutron dose values surrounding the device. The objective was to compare dose maps generated by the Monte Carlo-based GEANT4 code with experimental data. Ten dose maps were created, and fundamental statistical analyses were performed. Results indicate that the dose values on the operator's working surface of the prototype device are within ICRP limits, not exceeding 1 millisievert (mSv) annually, with an effective dose rate of 0.949±0.052 mSv per year. These findings underscore the device's potential for safe and effective use in radiation safety and environmental dose assessment.