Analysis of Geometric Features in Anatolian Seljuk Kümbets

The funerary structures known as kümbets, developed during the Anatolian Seljuk period (1077–1307), represent a distinctive architectural typology. This study first demonstrates that each Anatolian Seljuk kümbet is unique in its sectional geometry. It then employs statistical methods to analyze these structures, with the aim to understand their architectural styles and formation principles through measurable geometric features. The scope includes the analysis of 56 section drawings of 67 freestanding kümbets. The methodology involves data collection and preparation, feature selection, and dataset refinement using a box plot technique, followed by correlation analysis. Among the 28 correlations analyzed, 18 are statistically significant. One of the strongest correlations indicates a strong inverse relationship between the cap's inner angle and cap height (r = − 0.93), while the weakest is a positive relationship between cap height and interior wall height (r = 0.27).