A Comprehensive Review, Future Possibilities and the Impact of Sustainable Battery Technologies for Practical Applications

Recent studies have concentrated on the feasibility of several type of batteries including silicon-based, thin film, bio based and flexible graphene-based batteries to expedite the commercial deployment of high-energy batteries. In the field of advanced battery technologies, it is essential to allocate additional research resources towards the investigation of innovative silicon-based, graphene based, bio-based and thin film batteries. This approach is crucial for achieving elevated volumetric energy density. A key aspect of this endeavor is the strategic design of novel environmentally friendly components alongside with employing theoretical simulations and in situ characterization techniques to examine the energy storage mechanisms to gain a comprehension of the relationship between material structure and its performance. This review study explores futuristic battery technology including silicon-based anodes, polymer-based batteries, ceramic batteries, 3D printed batteries and graphene-based batteries for the first time. All the above-mentioned battery technologies could be suitable for environmentally sustainable methods for large-scale production, even if this necessitates minor reductions in energy density. This review tries to highlight the technological feasibility of newer batteries, which are essential to foster closer collaborations between academia and industry, as well as to invest more effort in streamlining synthetic processes and reducing costs, thereby facilitating a broader range of consumer electronics with significant societal implications. Silicon-based anodes, utilizing alloying and conversion mechanisms, have attracted considerable interest in research owing to their impressive theoretical capacities. The advancement of innovative techniques for thin film ceramics has paved the way for a new generation of lithium-ion batteries. The miniaturization of solid-state chemistries into film form is expected to enhance the diversity of lithium conductors. The bio-based batteries use extraction of organic molecules or polymers from sources such as green plants, algae, and bacteria has emerged as promising candidates for cathode, anode and electrolyte.