Very Low JSR Interference Detection and Estimation Using Eigenvalue Analysis

Arca Beştek; Özgür Özdemir

doi:10.1117/12.3070120

Very Low JSR Interference Detection and Estimation Using Eigenvalue Analysis

Arca Beştek^*
, Özgür Özdemir

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

Abstract

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals arrive at the Earth with very low power, making them highly susceptible to interference even at low jamming-to-signal ratio (JSR) levels. Consequently, the detection of low JSR interference remains an important and challenging problem. The Bordered-Autocorrelation-Method Karhunen–Loève Transform (BAM-KLT) is a widely used eigenvalue-based technique for low JSR interference detection; however, its detection probability can still be improved. In this work, we proposed DBAM-KLT and TBAM-KLT methods by enhancing the derivation model within BAM-KLT. Numerical results, obtained using IEEE DataPort datasets, are presented for both FM and CW interference to demonstrate the improvements achieved.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Sensors and Communication Technologies in the 1 GHz to 10 THz Band
Editors	Neil A. Salmon, Wladislaw Michailow
Publisher	SPIE
ISBN (Electronic)	9781510692930
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3070120
Publication status	Published - 29 Oct 2025
Event	Sensors and Communication Technologies in the 1 GHz to 10 THz Band - Madrid, Spain Duration: 15 Sept 2025 → 16 Sept 2025

Publication series

Name	Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
Volume	13677
ISSN (Print)	0277-786X
ISSN (Electronic)	1996-756X

Conference

Conference	Sensors and Communication Technologies in the 1 GHz to 10 THz Band
Country/Territory	Spain
City	Madrid
Period	15/09/25 → 16/09/25

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2025 SPIE. All rights reserved.

Keywords

BAM-KLT
GNSS
Interference Detection
Karhunen-Loève Transform

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10.1117/12.3070120

Cite this

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title = "Very Low JSR Interference Detection and Estimation Using Eigenvalue Analysis",

abstract = "Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals arrive at the Earth with very low power, making them highly susceptible to interference even at low jamming-to-signal ratio (JSR) levels. Consequently, the detection of low JSR interference remains an important and challenging problem. The Bordered-Autocorrelation-Method Karhunen–Lo{\`e}ve Transform (BAM-KLT) is a widely used eigenvalue-based technique for low JSR interference detection; however, its detection probability can still be improved. In this work, we proposed DBAM-KLT and TBAM-KLT methods by enhancing the derivation model within BAM-KLT. Numerical results, obtained using IEEE DataPort datasets, are presented for both FM and CW interference to demonstrate the improvements achieved.",

keywords = "BAM-KLT, GNSS, Interference Detection, Karhunen-Lo{\`e}ve Transform",

author = "Arca Be{\c s}tek and {\"O}zg{\"u}r {\"O}zdemir",

year = "2025",

month = oct,

day = "29",

doi = "10.1117/12.3070120",

language = "English",

series = "Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering",

publisher = "SPIE",

editor = "Salmon, \{Neil A.\} and Wladislaw Michailow",

booktitle = "Sensors and Communication Technologies in the 1 GHz to 10 THz Band",

address = "United States",

}

Beştek, A & Özdemir, Ö 2025, Very Low JSR Interference Detection and Estimation Using Eigenvalue Analysis. in NA Salmon & W Michailow (eds), Sensors and Communication Technologies in the 1 GHz to 10 THz Band., 136770I, Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, vol. 13677, SPIE, Sensors and Communication Technologies in the 1 GHz to 10 THz Band, Madrid, Spain, 15/09/25. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3070120

Very Low JSR Interference Detection and Estimation Using Eigenvalue Analysis. / Beştek, Arca; Özdemir, Özgür.
Sensors and Communication Technologies in the 1 GHz to 10 THz Band. ed. / Neil A. Salmon; Wladislaw Michailow. SPIE, 2025. 136770I (Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering; Vol. 13677).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

TY - GEN

T1 - Very Low JSR Interference Detection and Estimation Using Eigenvalue Analysis

AU - Beştek, Arca

AU - Özdemir, Özgür

PY - 2025/10/29

Y1 - 2025/10/29

N2 - Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals arrive at the Earth with very low power, making them highly susceptible to interference even at low jamming-to-signal ratio (JSR) levels. Consequently, the detection of low JSR interference remains an important and challenging problem. The Bordered-Autocorrelation-Method Karhunen–Loève Transform (BAM-KLT) is a widely used eigenvalue-based technique for low JSR interference detection; however, its detection probability can still be improved. In this work, we proposed DBAM-KLT and TBAM-KLT methods by enhancing the derivation model within BAM-KLT. Numerical results, obtained using IEEE DataPort datasets, are presented for both FM and CW interference to demonstrate the improvements achieved.

AB - Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals arrive at the Earth with very low power, making them highly susceptible to interference even at low jamming-to-signal ratio (JSR) levels. Consequently, the detection of low JSR interference remains an important and challenging problem. The Bordered-Autocorrelation-Method Karhunen–Loève Transform (BAM-KLT) is a widely used eigenvalue-based technique for low JSR interference detection; however, its detection probability can still be improved. In this work, we proposed DBAM-KLT and TBAM-KLT methods by enhancing the derivation model within BAM-KLT. Numerical results, obtained using IEEE DataPort datasets, are presented for both FM and CW interference to demonstrate the improvements achieved.

KW - BAM-KLT

KW - GNSS

KW - Interference Detection

KW - Karhunen-Loève Transform

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U2 - 10.1117/12.3070120

DO - 10.1117/12.3070120

M3 - Conference contribution

AN - SCOPUS:105024696817

T3 - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering

BT - Sensors and Communication Technologies in the 1 GHz to 10 THz Band

A2 - Salmon, Neil A.

A2 - Michailow, Wladislaw

PB - SPIE

T2 - Sensors and Communication Technologies in the 1 GHz to 10 THz Band

Y2 - 15 September 2025 through 16 September 2025

ER -

Very Low JSR Interference Detection and Estimation Using Eigenvalue Analysis

Abstract

Publication series

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Bibliographical note

Keywords

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