TY - JOUR
T1 - Utilization possibilities of steel slag as backfill material in coastal structures
AU - Tozsin, Gulsen
AU - Yonar, Fatih
AU - Yucel, Onuralp
AU - Dikbas, Atilla
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s).
PY - 2023/12
Y1 - 2023/12
N2 - The aim of this study is to investigate the utilization possibilities of steel slags, basic oxygen furnace (BOF) and electric arc furnace (EAF) slags, as backfill material in coastal structures. Within the scope of the study, physical, mechanical and chemical properties of the steel slags were investigated and their potential to create environmental risks were evaluated. The results showed that soundness loss and filler content ratio were below the limit values for steel slags to be used as backfill material. It was determined that the density, porosity, water absorption and Los Angeles abrasion ratios of steel slags were generally higher than natural aggregates. In order to reach the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) limit (> 25%), the maximum particle size of the steel slag was reduced to 25 mm. In this particle size, CBR of the slag samples generally gave better results compared to the natural aggregate (38%), except for Kardemir and Asil samples. In addition, the concentration values of heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Zn, Hg and As) were below the limit values specified in the regulation. It is suggested that EAF slags should be aged for at least 6 months and BOF slags for at least 24 months in open air conditions before being used as backfill material in coastal structures after the maximum particle size is reduced to 25 mm.
AB - The aim of this study is to investigate the utilization possibilities of steel slags, basic oxygen furnace (BOF) and electric arc furnace (EAF) slags, as backfill material in coastal structures. Within the scope of the study, physical, mechanical and chemical properties of the steel slags were investigated and their potential to create environmental risks were evaluated. The results showed that soundness loss and filler content ratio were below the limit values for steel slags to be used as backfill material. It was determined that the density, porosity, water absorption and Los Angeles abrasion ratios of steel slags were generally higher than natural aggregates. In order to reach the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) limit (> 25%), the maximum particle size of the steel slag was reduced to 25 mm. In this particle size, CBR of the slag samples generally gave better results compared to the natural aggregate (38%), except for Kardemir and Asil samples. In addition, the concentration values of heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Zn, Hg and As) were below the limit values specified in the regulation. It is suggested that EAF slags should be aged for at least 6 months and BOF slags for at least 24 months in open air conditions before being used as backfill material in coastal structures after the maximum particle size is reduced to 25 mm.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85150315600&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/s41598-023-31156-z
DO - 10.1038/s41598-023-31156-z
M3 - Article
C2 - 36922523
AN - SCOPUS:85150315600
SN - 2045-2322
VL - 13
JO - Scientific Reports
JF - Scientific Reports
IS - 1
M1 - 4318
ER -