Ultrasonik Ses Dalgalari ile Düş ük Maliyetli Bütünleşik Algilama ve Haberleşme Sistem Tasarimi

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) technology is an important approach that reduces hardware cost and energy consumption for next-generation communication systems. While existing ISAC studies in the literature generally focus on complex orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveforms requiring high processing power and costly radio frequency (RF) or underwater acoustic hardware, this study overcomes this complexity problem in the literature by designing a lightweight, low-cost system that combines both functions on a single ultrasonic platform. In the developed system, the distance of the target is measured using the time-of-flight (ToF) method, while data transmission is performed via on-off keying (OOK) pulse interval modulation (PIM) over the same ultrasonic signals. The basic design of the system consists of an ESP32 microcontroller, an HC-SR04 ultrasonic module, and an LM358based analog receiver circuit. Multipath echo signals, which are the biggest challenge in ultrasonic communication systems, are successfully suppressed by the amplification/comparison layer realized with the LM358 and the interrupt-based time filtering algorithm running on the ESP32. Experimental results show that the system can perform target sensing up to 78 cm and transmit data packets error-free to the detected target up to a range of 28 cm.