The Impact of Fouling on Ship Energy Efficiency in Dual-Fuel Engine and Battery Hybrid Electric Ferry Operation

This chapter presents a comprehensive analysis of fouling impact on operational ship energy efficiency in a dual-fuel engine and battery hybrid electric vessel. Utilizing raw data obtained from the vessel data sources coupled with physical parameters, the study employs a data-driven approach to detect anomalies and assess the impact of fouling on the operational energy efficiency of ships. Through elaborate data-driven analysis and modeling techniques, the chapter also reviews the correlation between fouling accumulation and energy consumption patterns. The data-driven approach allows for the identification of specific operational parameters affected by fouling, such as propulsion efficiency and power consumption. Studies have shown that even a thin slime layer, measuring only 0.5 mm and covering up to half of the hull’s surface, can potentially lead to a 25–30% increase in greenhouse gas emissions, depending on the ship’s characteristics, operating speed, and environmental conditions. Investigation into the automated inspection and cleaning process reveals that a measured reduction in biofouling on ship hulls leads to an approximate 10% decrease in energy consumption. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the interplay between fouling, energy efficiency, and hybrid propulsion systems, providing valuable insights for optimizing vessel performance and informing proactive fouling management strategies. Ultimately, this research supports the transition towards sustainable maritime transportation practices through enhanced operational efficiency and reduced environmental impact.