The causation of hydrogen embrittlement of duplex stainless steel: Phase instability of the austenite phase and ductile-to-brittle transition of the ferrite phase – Synergy between experiments and modelling

Cem Örnek; Mubashir Mansoor; Alfred Larsson; Fan Zhang; Gary S. Harlow; Robin Kroll; Francesco Carlà; Hadeel Hussain; Bora Derin; Ulf Kivisäkk; Dirk L. Engelberg; Edvin Lundgren; Jinshan Pan

doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2023.111140

The causation of hydrogen embrittlement of duplex stainless steel: Phase instability of the austenite phase and ductile-to-brittle transition of the ferrite phase – Synergy between experiments and modelling

Cem Örnek^*, Mubashir Mansoor, Alfred Larsson, Fan Zhang, Gary S. Harlow, Robin Kroll, Francesco Carlà, Hadeel Hussain, Bora Derin, Ulf Kivisäkk, Dirk L. Engelberg, Edvin Lundgren, Jinshan Pan^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering

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24 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Various mechanisms have been proposed for hydrogen embrittlement of duplex stainless steel, but the causation of hydrogen-induced material degradation has remained unclear. This work shows that phase instability (decomposition) of the austenite phase and ductile-to-brittle transition of the ferrite phase precedes hydrogen embrittlement. In-situ diffraction measurements revealed that Ni-rich sites of the austenite phase decompose into metastable hydrides. Hydride formation is possible by increasing the hydrogen chemical potential during electrochemical charging and low defect formation energy of hydrogen interstitials. Our findings demonstrate that hydrogen embrittlement can only be understood if measured in situ and in real-time during the embrittlement process.

Original language	English
Article number	111140
Journal	Corrosion Science
Volume	217
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2023.111140
Publication status	Published - Jun 2023

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors

Funding

This work was supported by TÜBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye) under contract number 118C227 within the program 2232: International Fellowship for Outstanding Researchers, by Vinnova (Sweden's innovation agency) under contract number 2018-03267 within the Vinnova program of Industrial pilot projects for neutron and photon experiments at large scale research infrastructures, and by the Swedish Research Council within the program Röntgen-Ångström Cluster In-situ High Energy X-ray Diffraction from Electrochemical Interfaces (HEXCHEM) under the project no. 2015-06092. This work was also supported by the Nanometer Structure Consortium at Lund University (nmC@LU). Furthermore, we acknowledge Diamond Light Source for time on beamline I07 under proposal SI23388. Finally, we thank Zuhal Er (ITU) for the computational support at the National Center for High-Performance Computing of the Republic of Türkiye (UHeM) under Grant No. 1008852020. Cem Örnek and Mubashir Mansoor are grateful to Mustafa Ürgen, Istanbul Technical University, for fruitful discussions. Mubashir Mansoor appreciates conversations with Kamil Czelej at the University of Warsaw about Density Functional Theory calculations. This work was supported by TÜBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye) under contract number 118C227 within the program 2232: International Fellowship for Outstanding Researchers, by Vinnova (Sweden’s innovation agency) under contract number 2018-03267 within the Vinnova program of Industrial pilot projects for neutron and photon experiments at large scale research infrastructures, and by the Swedish Research Council within the program Röntgen-Ångström Cluster In-situ High Energy X-ray Diffraction from Electrochemical Interfaces (HEXCHEM) under the project no. 2015-06092 . This work was also supported by the Nanometer Structure Consortium at Lund University (nmC@LU). Furthermore, we acknowledge Diamond Light Source for time on beamline I07 under proposal SI23388 . Finally, we thank Zuhal Er (ITU) for the computational support at the National Center for High-Performance Computing of the Republic of Türkiye (UHeM) under Grant No. 1008852020 . Cem Örnek and Mubashir Mansoor are grateful to Mustafa Ürgen, Istanbul Technical University, for fruitful discussions. Mubashir Mansoor appreciates conversations with Kamil Czelej at the University of Warsaw about Density Functional Theory calculations.

Funders	Funder number
Nanometer Structure Consortium at Lund University	SI23388
National Center for High-Performance Computing of the Republic of Türkiye
International Technological University
Ulusal Yüksek Başarımlı Hesaplama Merkezi, Istanbul Teknik Üniversitesi	1008852020
VINNOVA	2018-03267
Vetenskapsrådet	2015-06092
Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu	118C227
Istanbul Teknik Üniversitesi

Keywords

Density-functional theory
FactSage
High-energy X-ray diffraction
Hydride
Hydrogen embrittlement
Super duplex stainless steel

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Örnek, C., Mansoor, M., Larsson, A., Zhang, F., Harlow, G. S., Kroll, R., Carlà, F., Hussain, H., Derin, B., Kivisäkk, U., Engelberg, D. L., Lundgren, E., & Pan, J. (2023). The causation of hydrogen embrittlement of duplex stainless steel: Phase instability of the austenite phase and ductile-to-brittle transition of the ferrite phase – Synergy between experiments and modelling. Corrosion Science, 217, Article 111140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2023.111140

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title = "The causation of hydrogen embrittlement of duplex stainless steel: Phase instability of the austenite phase and ductile-to-brittle transition of the ferrite phase – Synergy between experiments and modelling",

abstract = "Various mechanisms have been proposed for hydrogen embrittlement of duplex stainless steel, but the causation of hydrogen-induced material degradation has remained unclear. This work shows that phase instability (decomposition) of the austenite phase and ductile-to-brittle transition of the ferrite phase precedes hydrogen embrittlement. In-situ diffraction measurements revealed that Ni-rich sites of the austenite phase decompose into metastable hydrides. Hydride formation is possible by increasing the hydrogen chemical potential during electrochemical charging and low defect formation energy of hydrogen interstitials. Our findings demonstrate that hydrogen embrittlement can only be understood if measured in situ and in real-time during the embrittlement process.",

keywords = "Density-functional theory, FactSage, High-energy X-ray diffraction, Hydride, Hydrogen embrittlement, Super duplex stainless steel",

author = "Cem {\"O}rnek and Mubashir Mansoor and Alfred Larsson and Fan Zhang and Harlow, {Gary S.} and Robin Kroll and Francesco Carl{\`a} and Hadeel Hussain and Bora Derin and Ulf Kivis{\"a}kk and Engelberg, {Dirk L.} and Edvin Lundgren and Jinshan Pan",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 The Authors",

year = "2023",

month = jun,

doi = "10.1016/j.corsci.2023.111140",

language = "English",

volume = "217",

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Örnek, C, Mansoor, M, Larsson, A, Zhang, F, Harlow, GS, Kroll, R, Carlà, F, Hussain, H, Derin, B, Kivisäkk, U, Engelberg, DL, Lundgren, E & Pan, J 2023, 'The causation of hydrogen embrittlement of duplex stainless steel: Phase instability of the austenite phase and ductile-to-brittle transition of the ferrite phase – Synergy between experiments and modelling', Corrosion Science, vol. 217, 111140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2023.111140

The causation of hydrogen embrittlement of duplex stainless steel: Phase instability of the austenite phase and ductile-to-brittle transition of the ferrite phase – Synergy between experiments and modelling. / Örnek, Cem; Mansoor, Mubashir; Larsson, Alfred et al.
In: Corrosion Science, Vol. 217, 111140, 06.2023.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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T1 - The causation of hydrogen embrittlement of duplex stainless steel

T2 - Phase instability of the austenite phase and ductile-to-brittle transition of the ferrite phase – Synergy between experiments and modelling

AU - Örnek, Cem

AU - Mansoor, Mubashir

AU - Larsson, Alfred

AU - Zhang, Fan

AU - Harlow, Gary S.

AU - Kroll, Robin

AU - Carlà, Francesco

AU - Hussain, Hadeel

AU - Derin, Bora

AU - Kivisäkk, Ulf

AU - Engelberg, Dirk L.

AU - Lundgren, Edvin

AU - Pan, Jinshan

PY - 2023/6

Y1 - 2023/6

N2 - Various mechanisms have been proposed for hydrogen embrittlement of duplex stainless steel, but the causation of hydrogen-induced material degradation has remained unclear. This work shows that phase instability (decomposition) of the austenite phase and ductile-to-brittle transition of the ferrite phase precedes hydrogen embrittlement. In-situ diffraction measurements revealed that Ni-rich sites of the austenite phase decompose into metastable hydrides. Hydride formation is possible by increasing the hydrogen chemical potential during electrochemical charging and low defect formation energy of hydrogen interstitials. Our findings demonstrate that hydrogen embrittlement can only be understood if measured in situ and in real-time during the embrittlement process.

AB - Various mechanisms have been proposed for hydrogen embrittlement of duplex stainless steel, but the causation of hydrogen-induced material degradation has remained unclear. This work shows that phase instability (decomposition) of the austenite phase and ductile-to-brittle transition of the ferrite phase precedes hydrogen embrittlement. In-situ diffraction measurements revealed that Ni-rich sites of the austenite phase decompose into metastable hydrides. Hydride formation is possible by increasing the hydrogen chemical potential during electrochemical charging and low defect formation energy of hydrogen interstitials. Our findings demonstrate that hydrogen embrittlement can only be understood if measured in situ and in real-time during the embrittlement process.

KW - Density-functional theory

KW - FactSage

KW - High-energy X-ray diffraction

KW - Hydride

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VL - 217

JO - Corrosion Science

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The causation of hydrogen embrittlement of duplex stainless steel: Phase instability of the austenite phase and ductile-to-brittle transition of the ferrite phase – Synergy between experiments and modelling

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