Abstract
Nowadays, problems relating to the inadequacy of energy resources are emerging, due to fast population growth and inevitable urban sprawl. Renewable energy resources are of vital importance in order to overcome these problems that endanger countries in terms of economic, social, and environmental factors. The determination of suitable facility locations is a key matter to solve, in order to effectively exploit biomass energy potential. This paper proposes an approach to biomass facility location that integrates open-source geographic information systems (GIS), fuzzy logic, and a best worst method (BWM) solution, which is a newly developed multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method to address optimal facility location. Suitable locations take different criteria into consideration, including potential biomass amount (e.g., agricultural and animal wastes), slope, and distances to roads and water bodies. By utilizing MCDM, the most critical criterion can be determined. Moreover, the paper demonstrates that fuzzy logic allows intermediate values for suitability criteria and is preferable to Boolean logic. The proposed approach is illustrated using all cities of Turkey as an empirical case study. Four specific regions that greatly have highly suitable areas are presented. Sensitivity analysis shows that different agendas such as economic cost and social impact might change the suitability results, specifically in areas of the highly suitable class. These results are most strongly affected by potential biomass amount, population density, and distances to roads and settlements. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 2183-2199 |
Number of pages | 17 |
Journal | Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy |
Volume | 23 |
Issue number | 7 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Sept 2021 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
Funding
The first author of this study is fully supported by the Turkey Council of Higher Education with International Research Scholarships for Research Assistants (YUDAB) during this research. The authors also acknowledge the University of Colorado—Boulder Geography Department for the invitation to collaborate with faculty and doctoral researchers, as well as access to computing facilities during work on the project. The third author’s work is related to the Grand Challenge Initiative “Earth Lab” at the University of Colorado (https://www.colorado.edu/earthlab/).
Funders | Funder number |
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University of Colorado—Boulder Geography Department | |
University of Colorado |
Keywords
- Best worst method (BWM)
- Biomass energy
- Fuzzy logic
- Open-source geographic information systems (GIS)
- Suitability modeling
- Turkey