Recycled materials for membrane fabrication

The membrane industry is enormously growing due to the increased demand for membranes and membrane processes upon their vast and versatile applications in various industrial sectors. Consequently, the consumption of resources used to produce membranes is expanding. These resources could be replaced by waste-driven material that helps in the membrane industry shift from a linear to a circular economy. Revaluating waste as a source of valuable material for membrane production seems a plausible solution to promote the membrane industry as a sustainable industrial model. Another important aspect is the impact of the currently used materials for membrane fabrication which many of them considered to have a negative impact on human health and the environment. Thus the rethinking saver and more sustainable alternatives have become a new trend in membrane fabrication. This chapter emphasizes the potential materials, both organic and inorganic, to be recycled to produce different types of membranes.