Recent advances on 3-hydroxyflavone derivatives: Structures and properties

Flavonoids are naturally occurring phenolic compounds named as 2-phenyl-1-benzopyran-4-one and classified into several subclasses according to their basic chemical structures such as flavones, flavonols, flavanones, flavanonols, and flavanols. Among them, flavonols (3-hydroxyflavone), containing a 3-hydroxyl group in association with its 4-keto group and double bond between 2- and 3-carbon atoms, have the best electron conjugated skeleton in flavonoid family, providing several resonance structures and chelating ability, through which various pharmacological activities such as antiviral, anti-tumour, anti-inflammatory, anticholinesterase, cytotoxicity and particularly high antioxidant activity are demonstrated. They prevent generation of free radicals and are used as food preservatives. Their strong electron conjugation provides them with fluorescent property, which make them used as imaging agents for therapeutic purpose.