Partial-NOMA for Data-Oriented Transmission

Partial non-orthogonal multiple access (PNOMA) has emerged as a new multiple access scheme that combines the benefits of orthogonal and non-orthogonal transmissions to improve spectral efficiency while mitigating inter-user interference. However, the reliability-latency trade-off in PNOMA for delay-sensitive applications remains largely unexplored. In this letter, a data-oriented transmission-based performance analysis is developed for such systems. The impact of bandwidth splitting and power allocation on the delay outage rate is then investigated. In addition, the robustness of PNOMA under hardware imperfections is investigated. The results show that PNOMA achieves an effective balance between spectral efficiency and delay reliability under stringent latency constraints, while notably reducing sensitivity to the imperfections compared to conventional NOMA. The results underline its suitability for ultra-reliable and delay-sensitive communication scenarios.