Numerical modeling of the effect of loading rate on the tensile load capacity of offshore caisson foundations

Suction caissons are skirted foundations frequently used in offshore environments supporting various structures. Among those lie the offshore wind turbines (OWT), which are currently one of the most common renewable energy systems. In this paper we study the tensile capacity of caisson foundations of OWT in dense sands, where the generation of excess pore pressure is analyzed. The tensile capacity of suction buckets under various loading rates is investigated using a series of quasi-static axisymmetric finite element analyses with coupled flow-deformation formulation. DeltaSand model is utilized for the soil, which is an elasto-plastic state-dependent model capturing the response of sands at varying relative densities. Numerical results are validated with available test data of scaled physical model experiments. Particular emphasis is placed on the interaction between suction-bucket and the soil. Parameters governing the soil-caisson interface playing a key role in the uplift response are identified. Lastly, a case study that can be observed in offshore foundations is simulated. Results show that the developed numerical model is applicable to capturing the uplift response of bucket in an ocean environment. The outcome of this study will contribute to closing the gap in the design of suction caissons of OWT in existing standards.