Abstract
Spectral variations of gravity and topography data show nonisostatic compensation of elevation in the Southeast Carpathians that is consistent with our new residual topography calculations. Multidimensional thermomechanical models are created to consider a possible mantle flow component of the surface topography with varying temperature models and crustal configurations. The temperature anomalies derived from large-scale P wave velocity anomalies and combined temperature model are estimated as input for the parametric numerical modeling experiments. Model results show that a surface uplift (up to ~1 km) develops in the southeastern Carpathians due to the rising hot upper mantle beneath the region. The upwelling flow is also in concordance with observations such as volcanism and enhanced surface heat flow in the region. Subsidence in the eastern part (0.5–1 km over the Vrancea zone and the Focsani Basin) forms in relation to the downgoing Vrancea slab. The findings indicate the significant role of upper mantle structures on the present-day anomalous topography related to proposed postcollisional tectonics in the Southeast Carpathians.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 3134-3149 |
| Number of pages | 16 |
| Journal | Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems |
| Volume | 20 |
| Issue number | 7 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2019 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2019. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
Funding
The authors thank the Editors Claudio Faccenna and Thorsten Becker, the reviewers Laurent Husson and Liviu Matenco, anonymous reviewers, and the Associate Editors for their constructive comments that greatly improved the manuscript. E.Ş.U. and O.H.G. thank TUBITAK for the support by the 2219-International Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Programme. R.P. acknowledges support from an NSERC Discovery Grant. We thank Ivan Koulakov for the P wave seismic tomography model derived from http://www.ivan-art.com/science/REGIONAL/index.html (Koulakov et al.,). Global crustal model used in the study is available from Crust1.0 (Laske et al.,; https://igppweb.ucsd.edu/~gabi/crust1.html). The free-air gravity and topography data are constructed using Earth Gravitational Model 2012 (Bonvalot et al.,; http://bgi.omp.obs-mip.fr/data-products/Grids-and-models/wgm2012). The temperature anomalies are derived from Ismail-Zadeh et al. () for the Model-2 in the study. We thank the Computational Infrastructure for Geodynamics (geodynamics.org) which is funded by the National Science Foundation under awards EAR-0949446 and EAR-1550901 for supporting the development of ASPECT. E.Ş.U. acknowledges Lev Karatun for his assistance on ASPECT. Computations were performed on the GPC supercomputer at the Niagara HPC Consortium with support provided by the Department of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto (www.es.utoronto.ca) and Compute Canada (www.computecanada.ca). E.Ş.U. also thanks Sedat Gündüz for the IT support and benefited from discussions with Tasca Santimano, Bo Chen, and Payman Janbakhsh.
| Funders | Funder number |
|---|---|
| Department of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto | |
| National Science Foundation | EAR-0949446, EAR-1550901 |
| Compute Canada | |
| Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada | |
| Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştirma Kurumu |
Keywords
- Southeast Carpathians
- gravity admittance
- isostasy
- three- and two-dimensional numerical modeling
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