Multi-criteria group decision-making with spherical fuzzy rough numbers for biomedical materials in hip prosthesis

Biomedical materials play a crucial role in modern medicine, helping restore and enhance function after injury or illness. These materials, whether natural or synthetic, are used in clinical applications to support, reinforce, or replace damaged tissues or biological functions. This study focuses on the effectiveness and advancements of biomedical materials in hip replacement surgery, offering various solutions for the recovery of different hip injuries. To compute biocompatibility and biodegradability of biomedical materials in hip prosthesis, this research paper develops a multi-criteria group decision making technique to encompass all aspects of an issue under consideration within a decision-making team's governance. The suggested multi-criteria decision making outranking technique combined with spherical fuzzy rough approach excels in a unique way by encapsulating the capabilities to handle pseudo criteria and compare the considered options by referring to the indifference, strong and weak preference relation. Moreover, the proposed outranking technique effectively employs spherical fuzzy rough numbers to minimize subjective bias while addressing varying degrees of uncertainty. The practical implication of the proposed technique is addressed by considering the case study of material selection in hip prosthesis. Finally, the validity of the proposed technique is confirmed by comparing it with existing methods, and the selection of the same best alternative across all techniques reinforces its credibility.