Mixed Mode delamination in carbon nanotube/nanofiber interlayered composites

Ozge Kaynan; Yagmur Atescan; Elif Ozden-Yenigun; Hulya Cebeci

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.07.032

Mixed Mode delamination in carbon nanotube/nanofiber interlayered composites

Ozge Kaynan, Yagmur Atescan, Elif Ozden-Yenigun^*, Hulya Cebeci

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Aeronautical Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

52 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Laminated composites mostly suffer from layer separation and/or delamination, which may affect the stiffness, strength and lifetime of structures. In this study, we aim to produce micron-scale thin carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reinforced adhesive nanofibrous interleaves and to explore their effectiveness when incorporated into structural composites. Neat polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and solutions containing low fractions of CNTs from 0.5 to 2 wt.% were electrospun directly onto carbon fiber prepregs. These interlayered laminates were cured above the glass transition temperature (T_g) of PVB to achieve strong interlaminar binding and also to resist crack re-initiation. The effect of CNTs presence and their mass fractions both on total Mixed-Mode I + II fracture toughness (G_C) and crack length was investigated under Mixed-Mode I + II loading. Almost 2-fold increase in G_C was reported in interlayered composites compared to non-interlayered laminates, associated to toughening effect of adhesive PVB/CNTs nanofibrous interlayers. Furthermore, the post-fracture analysis revealed the aid of CNTs interleaves in retarding delamination and afterward stabilization of crack propagation.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	186-194
Number of pages	9
Journal	Composites Part B: Engineering
Volume	154
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.07.032
Publication status	Published - 1 Dec 2018

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Elsevier Ltd

Funding

The authors thank to TUBITAK 3501 (Project No: 116M427 ) for the scholarship support of MSc Ozge Kaynan and material and equipment support and TUBITAK 1001 (Project No: 112M807 ) for the scholarship support of MSc Scholar Yagmur Atescan and ITU BAP (Project No: MYL-2017-40710 ) for material support. The authors also thank to Dr. Kaan Bilge for the discussion on fractography and post-SEM analysis, Beyza Bozali for help in testing, Sassan Jahangiri for assisting mixed mode specimen preparation, Alptekin Yildiz for his aid in image processing and Ozan Yalcin for video preparation.

Funders	Funder number
ITU BAP	MYL-2017-40710
MSc Ozge Kaynan
TUBITAK 1001	112M807
TUBITAK 3501	116M427

Keywords

Carbon nanotubes
Electrospinning
Interlaminar fracture toughness
Mixed-Mode delamination
Nanofibers

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10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.07.032

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title = "Mixed Mode delamination in carbon nanotube/nanofiber interlayered composites",

abstract = "Laminated composites mostly suffer from layer separation and/or delamination, which may affect the stiffness, strength and lifetime of structures. In this study, we aim to produce micron-scale thin carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reinforced adhesive nanofibrous interleaves and to explore their effectiveness when incorporated into structural composites. Neat polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and solutions containing low fractions of CNTs from 0.5 to 2 wt.% were electrospun directly onto carbon fiber prepregs. These interlayered laminates were cured above the glass transition temperature (Tg) of PVB to achieve strong interlaminar binding and also to resist crack re-initiation. The effect of CNTs presence and their mass fractions both on total Mixed-Mode I + II fracture toughness (GC) and crack length was investigated under Mixed-Mode I + II loading. Almost 2-fold increase in GC was reported in interlayered composites compared to non-interlayered laminates, associated to toughening effect of adhesive PVB/CNTs nanofibrous interlayers. Furthermore, the post-fracture analysis revealed the aid of CNTs interleaves in retarding delamination and afterward stabilization of crack propagation.",

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AU - Ozden-Yenigun, Elif

AU - Cebeci, Hulya

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N2 - Laminated composites mostly suffer from layer separation and/or delamination, which may affect the stiffness, strength and lifetime of structures. In this study, we aim to produce micron-scale thin carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reinforced adhesive nanofibrous interleaves and to explore their effectiveness when incorporated into structural composites. Neat polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and solutions containing low fractions of CNTs from 0.5 to 2 wt.% were electrospun directly onto carbon fiber prepregs. These interlayered laminates were cured above the glass transition temperature (Tg) of PVB to achieve strong interlaminar binding and also to resist crack re-initiation. The effect of CNTs presence and their mass fractions both on total Mixed-Mode I + II fracture toughness (GC) and crack length was investigated under Mixed-Mode I + II loading. Almost 2-fold increase in GC was reported in interlayered composites compared to non-interlayered laminates, associated to toughening effect of adhesive PVB/CNTs nanofibrous interlayers. Furthermore, the post-fracture analysis revealed the aid of CNTs interleaves in retarding delamination and afterward stabilization of crack propagation.

AB - Laminated composites mostly suffer from layer separation and/or delamination, which may affect the stiffness, strength and lifetime of structures. In this study, we aim to produce micron-scale thin carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reinforced adhesive nanofibrous interleaves and to explore their effectiveness when incorporated into structural composites. Neat polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and solutions containing low fractions of CNTs from 0.5 to 2 wt.% were electrospun directly onto carbon fiber prepregs. These interlayered laminates were cured above the glass transition temperature (Tg) of PVB to achieve strong interlaminar binding and also to resist crack re-initiation. The effect of CNTs presence and their mass fractions both on total Mixed-Mode I + II fracture toughness (GC) and crack length was investigated under Mixed-Mode I + II loading. Almost 2-fold increase in GC was reported in interlayered composites compared to non-interlayered laminates, associated to toughening effect of adhesive PVB/CNTs nanofibrous interlayers. Furthermore, the post-fracture analysis revealed the aid of CNTs interleaves in retarding delamination and afterward stabilization of crack propagation.

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KW - Electrospinning

KW - Interlaminar fracture toughness

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KW - Nanofibers

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Mixed Mode delamination in carbon nanotube/nanofiber interlayered composites

Abstract

Bibliographical note

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Keywords

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