Magmatic evolution of the Early Pliocene Etrüsk stratovolcano, Eastern Anatolian Collision Zone, Turkey

Vural Oyan; Mehmet Keskin; Vladimir A. Lebedev; Andrey V. Chugaev; Evgenii V. Sharkov

doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2016.03.017

Magmatic evolution of the Early Pliocene Etrüsk stratovolcano, Eastern Anatolian Collision Zone, Turkey

Vural Oyan^*, Mehmet Keskin, Vladimir A. Lebedev, Andrey V. Chugaev, Evgenii V. Sharkov

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

57 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The Pliocene Etrüsk stratovolcano, located in the northeast of Lake Van (Eastern Anatolia; Turkey), is one of the important volcanic centres in the Eastern Anatolian collision zone. Mt. Etrüsk overlies a widespread volcanic plateau, consisting of basaltic and hawaiitic lavas formed by fissure eruptions between 4.9-4.5 Ma. These basic lavas contain a phenocryst phase consisting of olivine, plagioclase and clinopyroxene. Trace element ratio diagrams imply that these basic magmas were generated from a mantle that contained a clear subduction component that is related to the subducted sediments rather than fluids or altered oceanic crust. Results of the melting models on the basaltic plateau lavas indicate that there was a marked variation both in the mantle source mineralogy (i.e. the ratio of garnet peridotite to spinel peridotite in the source varies between 60/40% and 40/60%) and the degree of melting (i.e. F between 0.8-4%). This can be explained by a model in which magmas were generated by partial melting of both metasomatised lithospheric and deeper asthenospheric mantle sources in an extensional setting in response to the partial delamination of the lithospheric mantle of Eastern Anatolia and then mixed with each other during Pliocene times.Central eruptions that formed the Etrüsk volcano lasted ~. 600 kyr between 4.3-3.7 Ma during Zanclean times. The estimated depth of the Etrüsk magma chamber is ~. 9-12 km. The volcano erupted lavas with a rather narrow compositional range from latite to rhyolite, which are either transitional or mildly alkaline in character. The Etrüsk lavas contain plagioclase, clino- and orthopyroxene, biotite, K-feldspar and rarely, minor amounts of olivine and amphibole in the phenocryst phase. A composite chemo-stratigraphic section of the volcano and petrological models indicate that the evolved lavas of the Etrüsk volcano differentiated from a parental magma composition, which is similar to that of the most primitive plateau basalt lavas underlying the volcano, via the AFC process, and experienced at least two major magma replenishment episodes at 4.1 Ma and 3.8 Ma during the magma chamber evolution.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	88-108
Number of pages	21
Journal	Lithos
Volume	256-257
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2016.03.017
Publication status	Published - 1 Jul 2016
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Elsevier B.V.

Funding

Our first deployment in the southern portion of the Eastern Anatolian collision zone in 2007 was financially supported by the Istanbul University Research Fund (Project #ACIP-1282). We continued collaborative efforts in 2008 through two PhD projects (2008-Fbe-D137 and 2008-Fbe-D138) supported by the Research Fund of the Van Yüzüncü Yıl University. Our research reached a climax between 2009 and 2011 with the generous support of a major Turkish-Russian project financed and supported by TUBITAK (Turkey, project #108Y222) and RFBR (Russian Federation, project #11-05-00012 RFBR). Isotope-geochronological studies were supported by RFBR in the frames of project 11-05-00012a, directed by V.A. Lebedev. Support by the Istanbul University Research Fund through a series of small projects (Project no: UDP-603, UDP-6673, BYP-750, BYP-4721, UDP-23012 and UDP-55323) provided M. Keskin with the chance to present our results at international scientific meetings. Special thanks to Dr. Judy Monthie-Doyum (Boğaziçi University, Istanbul) for proofreading an earlier version of the text. We thank two anonymous referees for their constructive comments and suggestions that definitely improved the quality of our paper. We also appreciate detailed suggestions made by the Journal Editor Dr. Andrew Kerr.

Funders	Funder number
Istanbul University Research Fund	2008-Fbe-D138, -1282
TUBITAK	108Y222
Council on grants of the President of the Russian Federation	11-05-00012a, 11-05-00012 RFBR

Keywords

Collision-related volcanism
Eastern Anatolia
Geochemical stratigraphy
Magma chamber processes
Petrological modelling
Replenishment

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1016/j.lithos.2016.03.017

Cite this

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title = "Magmatic evolution of the Early Pliocene Etr{\"u}sk stratovolcano, Eastern Anatolian Collision Zone, Turkey",

abstract = "The Pliocene Etr{\"u}sk stratovolcano, located in the northeast of Lake Van (Eastern Anatolia; Turkey), is one of the important volcanic centres in the Eastern Anatolian collision zone. Mt. Etr{\"u}sk overlies a widespread volcanic plateau, consisting of basaltic and hawaiitic lavas formed by fissure eruptions between 4.9-4.5 Ma. These basic lavas contain a phenocryst phase consisting of olivine, plagioclase and clinopyroxene. Trace element ratio diagrams imply that these basic magmas were generated from a mantle that contained a clear subduction component that is related to the subducted sediments rather than fluids or altered oceanic crust. Results of the melting models on the basaltic plateau lavas indicate that there was a marked variation both in the mantle source mineralogy (i.e. the ratio of garnet peridotite to spinel peridotite in the source varies between 60/40% and 40/60%) and the degree of melting (i.e. F between 0.8-4%). This can be explained by a model in which magmas were generated by partial melting of both metasomatised lithospheric and deeper asthenospheric mantle sources in an extensional setting in response to the partial delamination of the lithospheric mantle of Eastern Anatolia and then mixed with each other during Pliocene times.Central eruptions that formed the Etr{\"u}sk volcano lasted ~. 600 kyr between 4.3-3.7 Ma during Zanclean times. The estimated depth of the Etr{\"u}sk magma chamber is ~. 9-12 km. The volcano erupted lavas with a rather narrow compositional range from latite to rhyolite, which are either transitional or mildly alkaline in character. The Etr{\"u}sk lavas contain plagioclase, clino- and orthopyroxene, biotite, K-feldspar and rarely, minor amounts of olivine and amphibole in the phenocryst phase. A composite chemo-stratigraphic section of the volcano and petrological models indicate that the evolved lavas of the Etr{\"u}sk volcano differentiated from a parental magma composition, which is similar to that of the most primitive plateau basalt lavas underlying the volcano, via the AFC process, and experienced at least two major magma replenishment episodes at 4.1 Ma and 3.8 Ma during the magma chamber evolution.",

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AU - Oyan, Vural

AU - Keskin, Mehmet

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AU - Sharkov, Evgenii V.

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KW - Geochemical stratigraphy

KW - Magma chamber processes

KW - Petrological modelling

KW - Replenishment

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Magmatic evolution of the Early Pliocene Etrüsk stratovolcano, Eastern Anatolian Collision Zone, Turkey

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

UN SDGs

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