LIQUEFACTION INDUCED HAZARDS AFTER THE FEBRUARY 6 KAHRAMANMARAS EARTHQUAKES

The two destructive earthquakes which occurred on February 6, 2023, in the Turkish city of Kahramanmaras, which likewise impacted a total of eleven provinces in Turkiye, resulted in many life losses and left extensive areas of demolished structures behind. The immediate post-earthquake reconnaissance studies concentrated on a wide range of issues, including structural and geotechnical damages to roads, bridges, dams, buildings, and other structures. In particular, the seismic soil liquefaction-induced hazards beneath buildings in Golbasi/Adiyaman and Iskenderun/Hatay are discussed as well as the prominent findings in the geotechnical aspects of the structures in this study. The settled structures following earthquakes, the relocated railroads, ground deformations, and other topics are presented and thoroughly explained in this paper. It was observed that the county of Golbasi has considerably suffered from liquefaction-induced settlements and lateral spreads meaning that almost all of the buildings in the alluvial sediments have settled following the earthquakes. Even after the earthquakes, most of these structures' structural components were still secure; however, substantial settlements were seen in the foundation soils, severely damaging the buildings. Another significant but predictable finding was how dramatically various buildings behaved to different soil types despite having essentially identical structural attributes.