Internet of Twins (IoTw) Approach: Digital Twin as a Platform (DTaaP) Architecture

Digital Twins (DTs) are becoming integral in sectors such as energy and manufacturing, catalyzing applications from monitoring and analysis to optimization and autonomous management. However, data in different formats, volumes, and qualities require high processing capabilities for integration. Moreover, the functionalities in DT must work together, bringing interoperability challenges that have necessitated extensive manual programming. To address these, we propose Internet of Twins, a disaggregated DT deployed in distributed cloud architecture where interconnections are made using a remote procedure call framework, gRPC. Using this, we develop the Digital Twin as a Platform with Knowledge Graph-based Orchestration. Here, we implement a recursive execution algorithm to ensure necessary data is processed in the correct sequence autonomously. Then, we implement a wind energy pilot application and evaluate the performance. The results show that our approach lowers data preprocessing and line-of-code overhead up to 20% and 26%, creating a flexible and scalable architecture.