Hybrid Fuzzy Approach for Bus Type Selection: IETT Case Study

Sustainability has been a hot topic in recent years in the literature. It focuses not only on environmental issues but also on economic and social topics. From the public transportation side, it contributes sustainable future taking into account bus type selection with a holistic perspective. In this study, the bus type selection problem for public transportation is modeled in a real case study. The hybrid fuzzy AHP method is applied to the proposed problem based on the SERVQUAL approach. Using Spherical Fuzzy Set, comparison matrices are constructed by both perception and expectation views. Also, gap analysis is conducted to discover differences between expectations and perceptions. Results show that when economic factors are the most important criterion for expected views, operational issues, business, and strategy come first for perceived views. For bus type selection, the diesel bus is chosen by customers with the perceived view. But from the expected perspectives, customers prefer e-bus regarding the proposed criteria. Regarding findings, there is a gap between perceived and expected views. At this point, this study will be a guide for decision-makers to discover the gap regarding customer needs.