(HfTiZrMnCr)B2 high entropy diboride ceramics: Synthesis mechanism, microstructural, mechanical and thermal characterization

İlayda Süzer; Semih Ates; Amir Akbari; Sıddıka Mertdinç-Ülküseven; Kübra Gürcan Bayrak; Esin Aysel; Erhan Ayas; C. Fahir Arisoy; M. Lütfi Öveçoğlu; Duygu Ağaoğulları

doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.09.246

(HfTiZrMnCr)B₂ high entropy diboride ceramics: Synthesis mechanism, microstructural, mechanical and thermal characterization

İlayda Süzer^*, Semih Ates, Amir Akbari, Sıddıka Mertdinç-Ülküseven, Kübra Gürcan Bayrak, Esin Aysel, Erhan Ayas, C. Fahir Arisoy, M. Lütfi Öveçoğlu, Duygu Ağaoğulları^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

13 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

This study explains the synthesis mechanism of (HfTiZrMnCr)B₂ high entropy diboride ceramics prepared via a combined route consisting of ball milling and spark plasma sintering. Firstly, metal borides were in-house synthesized using mechanochemical synthesis and leaching processes under optimum conditions from metal oxides, B₂O₃ and Mg precursors. The (HfTiZr)B₂ composition, chosen as the main composition, was hybridized with two different methods: planetary and vibratory ball milling. As a result of milling experiments, 6 h vibratory milling was determined as the optimum duration, and all compositions were produced by spark plasma sintering method (2000 °C, 30 MPa) following this optimum condition. Different compositions were used to see which one of the HfB₂, TiB₂, ZrB₂ compounds acted as a host material. Based on the phase analyses, single-phase HEB structures, Ti-rich phases and Hf, Ti, Zr-oxides were observed in the microstructure. Detailed physical, microstructural, mechanical and termal characterizations were performed: the highest hardness values were observed in the (HfTiMnCr)B₂ and (HfTiZrMnCr)B₂ samples as ∼ 27 GPa, the lowest wear rate was recorded for the (HfTiZrMnCr)B₂ sample as ∼2 × 10⁻⁶ Nm/mm³, and the highest oxidation resistance was achieved at the (HfZrMnCr)B₂ and (HfTiMnCr)B₂ samples as weight gains ∼ 1.90%.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	298-315
Number of pages	18
Journal	Journal of Materials Research and Technology
Volume	27
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.09.246
Publication status	Published - 1 Nov 2023

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Author(s)

Funding

This study was supported by the “TENMAK National Boron Research Institute (BOREN), Türkiye” with the project number of 2019-31-07-15-001. It was also partially funded by “Istanbul Technical University Scientific Research Projects (ITU-BAP), Türkiye” with the project number of MYL-2022-43543. Also, the authors are grateful to Tech. Hasan Dinçer for EPMA/EDS analysis carried out in Prof. Dr. Adnan Tekin Materials Science and Production Technologies Advanced Research Center (ATARC). The authors thank to Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nazlı Akçamlı Kaya and M.Sc. Berk Şenyurt from Bursa Technical University for their helps in wear analyses. Authors also thank to Prof. Dr. Hüseyin Çimenoğlu for profilometry measurements. Duygu Ağaoğulları gratefully thanks to the Unesco Turkey National Comission and L'Oréal Turkey for awarding and supporting her project in the scope of “For Women in Science Program 2022”. This study was supported by the “TENMAK National Boron Research Institute (BOREN), Türkiye” with the project number of 2019-31-07-15-001. It was also partially funded by “Istanbul Technical University Scientific Research Projects (ITU-BAP), Türkiye” with the project number of MYL-2022-43543. Also, the authors are grateful to Tech. Hasan Dinçer for EPMA/EDS analysis carried out in Prof. Dr. Adnan Tekin Materials Science and Production Technologies Advanced Research Center (ATARC). The authors thank to Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nazlı Akçamlı Kaya and M.Sc. Berk Şenyurt from Bursa Technical University for their helps in wear analyses. Authors also thank to Prof. Dr. Hüseyin Çimenoğlu for profilometry measurements. Duygu Ağaoğulları gratefully thanks to the Unesco Turkey National Comission and L'Oréal Turkey for awarding and supporting her project in the scope of “For Women in Science Program 2022”.

Funders	Funder number
ATARC
Bursa Technical University
Production Technologies Advanced Research Center
TENMAK National Boron Research Institute
Unesco Turkey National Comission
Ulusal Bor Araştırma Enstitüsü	2019-31-07-15-001
Istanbul Teknik Üniversitesi
Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi	MYL-2022-43543

Keywords

High entropy diborides
Mechanical properties
Microstructure
Milling
Spark plasma sintering
Thermal properties

Access to Document

10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.09.246

Cite this

Süzer, İ., Ates, S., Akbari, A., Mertdinç-Ülküseven, S., Gürcan Bayrak, K., Aysel, E., Ayas, E., Arisoy, C. F., Öveçoğlu, M. L., & Ağaoğulları, D. (2023). (HfTiZrMnCr)B₂ high entropy diboride ceramics: Synthesis mechanism, microstructural, mechanical and thermal characterization. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 27, 298-315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.09.246

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title = "(HfTiZrMnCr)B2 high entropy diboride ceramics: Synthesis mechanism, microstructural, mechanical and thermal characterization",

abstract = "This study explains the synthesis mechanism of (HfTiZrMnCr)B2 high entropy diboride ceramics prepared via a combined route consisting of ball milling and spark plasma sintering. Firstly, metal borides were in-house synthesized using mechanochemical synthesis and leaching processes under optimum conditions from metal oxides, B2O3 and Mg precursors. The (HfTiZr)B2 composition, chosen as the main composition, was hybridized with two different methods: planetary and vibratory ball milling. As a result of milling experiments, 6 h vibratory milling was determined as the optimum duration, and all compositions were produced by spark plasma sintering method (2000 °C, 30 MPa) following this optimum condition. Different compositions were used to see which one of the HfB2, TiB2, ZrB2 compounds acted as a host material. Based on the phase analyses, single-phase HEB structures, Ti-rich phases and Hf, Ti, Zr-oxides were observed in the microstructure. Detailed physical, microstructural, mechanical and termal characterizations were performed: the highest hardness values were observed in the (HfTiMnCr)B2 and (HfTiZrMnCr)B2 samples as ∼ 27 GPa, the lowest wear rate was recorded for the (HfTiZrMnCr)B2 sample as ∼2 × 10−6 Nm/mm3, and the highest oxidation resistance was achieved at the (HfZrMnCr)B2 and (HfTiMnCr)B2 samples as weight gains ∼ 1.90%.",

keywords = "High entropy diborides, Mechanical properties, Microstructure, Milling, Spark plasma sintering, Thermal properties",

author = "İlayda S{\"u}zer and Semih Ates and Amir Akbari and Sıddıka Mertdin{\c c}-{\"U}lk{\"u}seven and {G{\"u}rcan Bayrak}, K{\"u}bra and Esin Aysel and Erhan Ayas and Arisoy, {C. Fahir} and {\"O}ve{\c c}oğlu, {M. L{\"u}tfi} and Duygu Ağaoğulları",

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Süzer, İ, Ates, S, Akbari, A, Mertdinç-Ülküseven, S, Gürcan Bayrak, K, Aysel, E, Ayas, E, Arisoy, CF, Öveçoğlu, ML & Ağaoğulları, D 2023, '(HfTiZrMnCr)B₂ high entropy diboride ceramics: Synthesis mechanism, microstructural, mechanical and thermal characterization', Journal of Materials Research and Technology, vol. 27, pp. 298-315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.09.246

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T1 - (HfTiZrMnCr)B2 high entropy diboride ceramics

T2 - Synthesis mechanism, microstructural, mechanical and thermal characterization

AU - Süzer, İlayda

AU - Ates, Semih

AU - Akbari, Amir

AU - Mertdinç-Ülküseven, Sıddıka

AU - Gürcan Bayrak, Kübra

AU - Aysel, Esin

AU - Ayas, Erhan

AU - Arisoy, C. Fahir

AU - Öveçoğlu, M. Lütfi

AU - Ağaoğulları, Duygu

PY - 2023/11/1

Y1 - 2023/11/1

N2 - This study explains the synthesis mechanism of (HfTiZrMnCr)B2 high entropy diboride ceramics prepared via a combined route consisting of ball milling and spark plasma sintering. Firstly, metal borides were in-house synthesized using mechanochemical synthesis and leaching processes under optimum conditions from metal oxides, B2O3 and Mg precursors. The (HfTiZr)B2 composition, chosen as the main composition, was hybridized with two different methods: planetary and vibratory ball milling. As a result of milling experiments, 6 h vibratory milling was determined as the optimum duration, and all compositions were produced by spark plasma sintering method (2000 °C, 30 MPa) following this optimum condition. Different compositions were used to see which one of the HfB2, TiB2, ZrB2 compounds acted as a host material. Based on the phase analyses, single-phase HEB structures, Ti-rich phases and Hf, Ti, Zr-oxides were observed in the microstructure. Detailed physical, microstructural, mechanical and termal characterizations were performed: the highest hardness values were observed in the (HfTiMnCr)B2 and (HfTiZrMnCr)B2 samples as ∼ 27 GPa, the lowest wear rate was recorded for the (HfTiZrMnCr)B2 sample as ∼2 × 10−6 Nm/mm3, and the highest oxidation resistance was achieved at the (HfZrMnCr)B2 and (HfTiMnCr)B2 samples as weight gains ∼ 1.90%.

AB - This study explains the synthesis mechanism of (HfTiZrMnCr)B2 high entropy diboride ceramics prepared via a combined route consisting of ball milling and spark plasma sintering. Firstly, metal borides were in-house synthesized using mechanochemical synthesis and leaching processes under optimum conditions from metal oxides, B2O3 and Mg precursors. The (HfTiZr)B2 composition, chosen as the main composition, was hybridized with two different methods: planetary and vibratory ball milling. As a result of milling experiments, 6 h vibratory milling was determined as the optimum duration, and all compositions were produced by spark plasma sintering method (2000 °C, 30 MPa) following this optimum condition. Different compositions were used to see which one of the HfB2, TiB2, ZrB2 compounds acted as a host material. Based on the phase analyses, single-phase HEB structures, Ti-rich phases and Hf, Ti, Zr-oxides were observed in the microstructure. Detailed physical, microstructural, mechanical and termal characterizations were performed: the highest hardness values were observed in the (HfTiMnCr)B2 and (HfTiZrMnCr)B2 samples as ∼ 27 GPa, the lowest wear rate was recorded for the (HfTiZrMnCr)B2 sample as ∼2 × 10−6 Nm/mm3, and the highest oxidation resistance was achieved at the (HfZrMnCr)B2 and (HfTiMnCr)B2 samples as weight gains ∼ 1.90%.

KW - High entropy diborides

KW - Mechanical properties

KW - Microstructure

KW - Milling

KW - Spark plasma sintering

KW - Thermal properties

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