Evaluation of unanchorage blast-resistant modular structures subjected to blast loads and human injury response

An explosion from a specific source can generate high pressure, causing damage to structures and people in and around them. For the design of protective structures, although explosion overpressure is considered the main loading parameter, parts are only considered using standard design procedures, excluding special installations. Properties of the explosive, such as molecular structure, shape, dimensional properties, and the physical state of the charge, determine the results in a high-grade or low-grade explosion. In this context, it is very important to determine the explosion behaviors of the structures and to take precautions against these behaviors. Especially structures in areas with high explosion risk should be prepared for blast loads. In this study, the behavior of non-anchored blast resistant modular buildings was investigated. In the study, analyzes were carried out for cases where modular buildings were first positioned on a reinforced concrete surface and then directly on the ground. For these two cases, the behavior of the modular structure placed on the reinforced concrete floor against burst loads was evaluated with Stribeck curves. The behavior of the modular building placed directly on the ground is examined with the Pais and Kausel equations, which consider the structure-ground interaction. In the study, head and neck injuries were examined by placing test dummies to examine human injury behavior in modular buildings exposed to blast loads. Obtained results were compared with field tests. In both cases, results close to field tests were obtained. Thus, it was concluded that Stribeck curves and Pais Kausel equations can reflect the behavior of modular buildings subjected to blast loads. It was also seen at the end of the study that the human injury criteria were met. The results of the study are explained with their justifications.