Electrochemical investigation and determination of the antibacterial loracarbef by voltammetric methods

Loracarbef has antibacterial activity and is oxidizable at the glassy carbon electrode. The electrochemical oxidation of Loracarbef was investigated using cyclic, linear sweep, differential pulse, and square wave voltammetric techniques. The results obtained from cyclic voltammetry indicate that the oxidation process of Loracarbef is irreversible and diffusion controlled on glassy carbon electrode. The dependence of peak currents and potentials on pH, concentration, scan rate, and nature of the buffer was investigated. According to the linear relation between the peak current and the concentration, differential pulse and square wave voltammetric methods (DPV and SWV) for Loracarbef quantitative determination were developed. Different parameters were tested to optimize the conditions for the determination of Loracarbef. The quantitative determination of Loracarbef was proposed in 0.1 M H₂SO₄, which allows quantitation over the 6 × 10^-6 to 2 × 10^-4 M range. Precision, accuracy, reproducibility, sensitivity, and selectivity were checked. The methods were proposed for the determination of Loracarbef in pharmaceutical dosage forms, adopting both DPV and SWV modes. Both methods were fully validated. No electroactive interferences from the excipients were found in its dosage forms.