Dyestuff Adsorbing Natural Composites for Wastewater Treatments

Environmental concerns gain importance with the increase in the lack of sources on the world. Especially, the textile industry has many contaminating effects on the environment, and the most important one is wastewater problems related to the high chemical load that is coming from textile processes and high water consumption. To eliminate the adverse results of textile wastewater discharges and high usages, wastewater must refine before discharging and must reuse in suitable processes. Refining processes are very valuable for decreasing the contaminants in wastewater, but these processes need extra cost, time, production place, and investments. Multifunctional agents as adsorbing composites can provide many advantages to refining processes and alternative reuse strategies and environmental conservation. In this chapter, the needs for refinement and types of refining processes are evaluated first. Then, adsorbent materials and their composites are detailed with properties, production stages, and usages. Finally, this chapter offers an alternative adsorbent composite production and usage study based on clay and modified chitosan.