Developments in Seismic Safety of RC Building Stock of Istanbul According to the Years and Seismic Design Codes

Hasan Huseyin Aydogdu; Alper Ilki

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-32511-3_90

Developments in Seismic Safety of RC Building Stock of Istanbul According to the Years and Seismic Design Codes

Hasan Huseyin Aydogdu^*, Alper Ilki

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Civil Engineering

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

Abstract

Turkey has been exposed to catastrophic earthquakes in the last decades. Consequently, seismic design codes and maps have been continuously improved with the experiences gained from these seismic events. These earthquakes have demonstrated that the RC (reinforced concrete) buildings collapsing and causing casualties and financial losses were generally built with poor workmanship and materials, without receiving a proper engineering service. However, properly designed buildings with regular structural systems, built according to their projects, have generally shown a satisfactory seismic performance even if they have been designed and constructed according to older and much less demanding versions of seismic design codes, with respect to their more recent versions. Towards planning of mitigation activities for improved seismic resilience, Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality investigated nearly 25000 reinforced concrete buildings to sort them based on their seismic risks. In this study, the examined buildings are grouped according to the seismic design code they were subjected to in their construction year. Then, several structural features and the seismic risks of the examined buildings constructed within each time period are investigated in detail. In addition, the change in the seismic risks of these buildings, if they had satisfied the minimum requirements in the seismic design code they were subjected to, is examined. No significant improvement has been seen in the structural features and seismic safety of the existing buildings from mid 20^th century until 1999–2000, which marked a milestone due to Kocaeli and Düzce earthquakes (1999). After this period, a remarkable improvement was seen in terms of structural features leading to significantly enhanced seismic performance. Furthermore, if the buildings constructed before 1999–2000 had at least satisfied the minimum requirements in terms of reinforcement quantity and details, and concrete strength of their era's seismic design code, the buildings constructed since 1975 would have had a significantly higher seismic safety with respect to their current situation.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Building for the Future
Subtitle of host publication	Durable, Sustainable, Resilient - Proceedings of the Symposium 2023 - Volume 2
Editors	Alper Ilki, Derya Çavunt, Yavuz Selim Çavunt
Publisher	Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Pages	879-888
Number of pages	10
ISBN (Print)	9783031325106
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-32511-3_90
Publication status	Published - 2023
Event	International Symposium of the International Federation for Structural Concrete, fib Symposium 2023 - Istanbul, Turkey Duration: 5 Jun 2023 → 7 Jun 2023

Publication series

Name	Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering
Volume	350 LNCE
ISSN (Print)	2366-2557
ISSN (Electronic)	2366-2565

Conference

Conference	International Symposium of the International Federation for Structural Concrete, fib Symposium 2023
Country/Territory	Turkey
City	Istanbul
Period	5/06/23 → 7/06/23

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Funding

The authors wish to thank Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality and the staff of the Directorate of Istanbul Urbanization Workshop for supplying the structural parameters of the buildings and technical support. The authors of this paper also wish to thank to scientific advisory committee members Mehmet Nuray Aydınoğlu, Zekai Celep, Ufuk Yazgan, Kutay Orakçal, Nusret Suna, Recep İyisan, Mustafa Erdik, Sibel Özkan, Chamber of Civil Engineers Istanbul Branch and Turkish Earthquake Foundation. The valuable contributions of Kutay Orakcal, Nahit Kumbasar, Mucip Tapan and Denizhan Ulugtekin during the development of the initial version of PERA method and comments of Oğuz Cem Çelik and Özgür Avşar are highly acknowledged.

Funders	Funder number
Civil Engineers Istanbul Branch and Turkish Earthquake Foundation
Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality
Mehmet Nuray Aydınoğlu

Keywords

Building Stock of Istanbul
Earthquake
Resilience
Risk Assessment
Seismic Design Codes
Structural Analysis

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1007/978-3-031-32511-3_90

Cite this

Aydogdu, H. H., & Ilki, A. (2023). Developments in Seismic Safety of RC Building Stock of Istanbul According to the Years and Seismic Design Codes. In A. Ilki, D. Çavunt, & Y. S. Çavunt (Eds.), Building for the Future: Durable, Sustainable, Resilient - Proceedings of the Symposium 2023 - Volume 2 (pp. 879-888). (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering; Vol. 350 LNCE). Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-32511-3_90

Aydogdu, Hasan Huseyin ; Ilki, Alper. / Developments in Seismic Safety of RC Building Stock of Istanbul According to the Years and Seismic Design Codes. Building for the Future: Durable, Sustainable, Resilient - Proceedings of the Symposium 2023 - Volume 2. editor / Alper Ilki ; Derya Çavunt ; Yavuz Selim Çavunt. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023. pp. 879-888 (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering).

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title = "Developments in Seismic Safety of RC Building Stock of Istanbul According to the Years and Seismic Design Codes",

abstract = "Turkey has been exposed to catastrophic earthquakes in the last decades. Consequently, seismic design codes and maps have been continuously improved with the experiences gained from these seismic events. These earthquakes have demonstrated that the RC (reinforced concrete) buildings collapsing and causing casualties and financial losses were generally built with poor workmanship and materials, without receiving a proper engineering service. However, properly designed buildings with regular structural systems, built according to their projects, have generally shown a satisfactory seismic performance even if they have been designed and constructed according to older and much less demanding versions of seismic design codes, with respect to their more recent versions. Towards planning of mitigation activities for improved seismic resilience, Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality investigated nearly 25000 reinforced concrete buildings to sort them based on their seismic risks. In this study, the examined buildings are grouped according to the seismic design code they were subjected to in their construction year. Then, several structural features and the seismic risks of the examined buildings constructed within each time period are investigated in detail. In addition, the change in the seismic risks of these buildings, if they had satisfied the minimum requirements in the seismic design code they were subjected to, is examined. No significant improvement has been seen in the structural features and seismic safety of the existing buildings from mid 20th century until 1999–2000, which marked a milestone due to Kocaeli and D{\"u}zce earthquakes (1999). After this period, a remarkable improvement was seen in terms of structural features leading to significantly enhanced seismic performance. Furthermore, if the buildings constructed before 1999–2000 had at least satisfied the minimum requirements in terms of reinforcement quantity and details, and concrete strength of their era's seismic design code, the buildings constructed since 1975 would have had a significantly higher seismic safety with respect to their current situation.",

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Aydogdu, HH & Ilki, A 2023, Developments in Seismic Safety of RC Building Stock of Istanbul According to the Years and Seismic Design Codes. in A Ilki, D Çavunt & YS Çavunt (eds), Building for the Future: Durable, Sustainable, Resilient - Proceedings of the Symposium 2023 - Volume 2. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol. 350 LNCE, Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, pp. 879-888, International Symposium of the International Federation for Structural Concrete, fib Symposium 2023, Istanbul, Turkey, 5/06/23. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-32511-3_90

Developments in Seismic Safety of RC Building Stock of Istanbul According to the Years and Seismic Design Codes. / Aydogdu, Hasan Huseyin; Ilki, Alper.
Building for the Future: Durable, Sustainable, Resilient - Proceedings of the Symposium 2023 - Volume 2. ed. / Alper Ilki; Derya Çavunt; Yavuz Selim Çavunt. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023. p. 879-888 (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering; Vol. 350 LNCE).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

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Aydogdu HH, Ilki A. Developments in Seismic Safety of RC Building Stock of Istanbul According to the Years and Seismic Design Codes. In Ilki A, Çavunt D, Çavunt YS, editors, Building for the Future: Durable, Sustainable, Resilient - Proceedings of the Symposium 2023 - Volume 2. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. 2023. p. 879-888. (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering). doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-32511-3_90

Developments in Seismic Safety of RC Building Stock of Istanbul According to the Years and Seismic Design Codes

Abstract

Publication series

Conference

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

UN SDGs

Access to Document

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Cite this