Development of CNC-reinforced PBAT nanocomposites with reduced percolation threshold: a comparative study on the preparation method

Emre Vatansever; Dogan Arslan; Deniz Sema Sarul; Yusuf Kahraman; Gurbuz Gunes; Ali Durmus; Mohammadreza Nofar

doi:10.1007/s10853-020-05105-4

Development of CNC-reinforced PBAT nanocomposites with reduced percolation threshold: a comparative study on the preparation method

Emre Vatansever, Dogan Arslan, Deniz Sema Sarul, Yusuf Kahraman, Gurbuz Gunes, Ali Durmus, Mohammadreza Nofar^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

31 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Abstract: Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-reinforced poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) nanocomposites with CNC contents of 1, 3, and 5 wt% were prepared through either solution casting or dilution of a PBAT/CNC masterbatch through melt mixing. The efficiency of these preparation approaches on CNC dispersion quality was examined using transmission electron microscopy and rheological analysis. It was found that solution-casted nanocomposites possessed a much finer CNC dispersion, while melt mixing could cause the formation of CNC agglomerates. In the nanocomposites, the rheological percolation threshold through small-amplitude oscillatory shear experiments was determined to be around 2.18 and 3.15 wt% CNC, respectively. The PBAT melt crystallization was also promoted with CNC regardless of the preparation method. The oxygen permeability of PBAT remarkably reduced with the CNC incorporation, specifically in the solution-casted nanocomposites with finer CNC dispersion. The thermal degradation, thermomechanical, and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were also compared although no significant differences were observed. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	15523-15537
Number of pages	15
Journal	Journal of Materials Science
Volume	55
Issue number	32
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-020-05105-4
Publication status	Published - 1 Nov 2020

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

Funding

The authors would like to acknowledge the financial supports by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) in the context of 1001 project with the project number of 117M238. The authors would also like to sincerely thank Professor Seniha Fatma Guner, our TUBITAK 1001 project consultant, and Professor Metin Hayri Acar for providing them their laboratory space to, respectively, run rheological and DSC experiments.

Funders	Funder number
TUBITAK	117M238
Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştirma Kurumu

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abstract = "Abstract: Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-reinforced poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) nanocomposites with CNC contents of 1, 3, and 5 wt% were prepared through either solution casting or dilution of a PBAT/CNC masterbatch through melt mixing. The efficiency of these preparation approaches on CNC dispersion quality was examined using transmission electron microscopy and rheological analysis. It was found that solution-casted nanocomposites possessed a much finer CNC dispersion, while melt mixing could cause the formation of CNC agglomerates. In the nanocomposites, the rheological percolation threshold through small-amplitude oscillatory shear experiments was determined to be around 2.18 and 3.15 wt% CNC, respectively. The PBAT melt crystallization was also promoted with CNC regardless of the preparation method. The oxygen permeability of PBAT remarkably reduced with the CNC incorporation, specifically in the solution-casted nanocomposites with finer CNC dispersion. The thermal degradation, thermomechanical, and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were also compared although no significant differences were observed. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].",

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AU - Vatansever, Emre

AU - Arslan, Dogan

AU - Sarul, Deniz Sema

AU - Kahraman, Yusuf

AU - Gunes, Gurbuz

AU - Durmus, Ali

AU - Nofar, Mohammadreza

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N2 - Abstract: Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-reinforced poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) nanocomposites with CNC contents of 1, 3, and 5 wt% were prepared through either solution casting or dilution of a PBAT/CNC masterbatch through melt mixing. The efficiency of these preparation approaches on CNC dispersion quality was examined using transmission electron microscopy and rheological analysis. It was found that solution-casted nanocomposites possessed a much finer CNC dispersion, while melt mixing could cause the formation of CNC agglomerates. In the nanocomposites, the rheological percolation threshold through small-amplitude oscillatory shear experiments was determined to be around 2.18 and 3.15 wt% CNC, respectively. The PBAT melt crystallization was also promoted with CNC regardless of the preparation method. The oxygen permeability of PBAT remarkably reduced with the CNC incorporation, specifically in the solution-casted nanocomposites with finer CNC dispersion. The thermal degradation, thermomechanical, and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were also compared although no significant differences were observed. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].

AB - Abstract: Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-reinforced poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) nanocomposites with CNC contents of 1, 3, and 5 wt% were prepared through either solution casting or dilution of a PBAT/CNC masterbatch through melt mixing. The efficiency of these preparation approaches on CNC dispersion quality was examined using transmission electron microscopy and rheological analysis. It was found that solution-casted nanocomposites possessed a much finer CNC dispersion, while melt mixing could cause the formation of CNC agglomerates. In the nanocomposites, the rheological percolation threshold through small-amplitude oscillatory shear experiments was determined to be around 2.18 and 3.15 wt% CNC, respectively. The PBAT melt crystallization was also promoted with CNC regardless of the preparation method. The oxygen permeability of PBAT remarkably reduced with the CNC incorporation, specifically in the solution-casted nanocomposites with finer CNC dispersion. The thermal degradation, thermomechanical, and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were also compared although no significant differences were observed. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].

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Development of CNC-reinforced PBAT nanocomposites with reduced percolation threshold: a comparative study on the preparation method

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