Determination of Istanbul geoid using GNSS/levelling and valley cross levelling data

Müge Albayrak; Mustafa Tevfik Özlüdemir; Mohammad Mohseni Aref; Kerem Halicioglu

doi:10.1016/j.geog.2020.01.003

Determination of Istanbul geoid using GNSS/levelling and valley cross levelling data

Müge Albayrak^*, Mustafa Tevfik Özlüdemir, Mohammad Mohseni Aref, Kerem Halicioglu

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Geomatics Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

25 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The Istanbul GPS Triangulation Network (IGTN) and the Istanbul Levelling Network (ILN), established in 2006, provide data for the determination of a local GNSS/levelling geoid model. These networks' measurements were done separately on both the Asian and European sides of the Bosphorus Strait in the vicinity of Istanbul. To connect these regions for those networks, a Valley Cross Levelling (VCL) data set, acquired in 1986 and 2004, was used. The use of this VCL data set was challenging in calculating the Istanbul geoid model, primarily because of its errors. In this study, this challenge was overcome through newly collected VCL data in 2010, allowing for the readjustment of the ILN and the newly collected VCL data set. The Istanbul geoid model was computed using soft computing techniques including the adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and the artificial neural networks (ANNs). The resulting Istanbul GNSS/levelling geoid model is shown to be more reliable when compared with the model computed using conventional interpolation techniques.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	163-173
Number of pages	11
Journal	Geodesy and Geodynamics
Volume	11
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geog.2020.01.003
Publication status	Published - May 2020

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Author(s)

Funding

The first author is grateful to the Fulbright Foundation and to Prof. CK Shum for their support during the writing process of the manuscript. This study was supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey with the grant number 115Y237. The GNSS/levelling data used in Istanbul geoid modelling were provided by the Istanbul GPS Triangulation Network 2005 (IGTN2005) and Istanbul Levelling Network (ILN) projects by Istanbul Technical University (ITU), Geodesy Division. Valley Cross Levelling (VCL) data were obtained by the Istanbul Strait Road Tunnel Crossing Project, conducted by Ark Project Management Engineering Services and Trade Ltd and ITU Geodesy division, under the supervision of Prof. Dr Rahmi Nurhan Celik. The authors are grateful to the data providers. We would also like to recognise Prof. Orhan Akyilmaz for his valuable feedback and critical review. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for their valuable and constructive comments on the manuscript and the editor for the handling of the review process. All maps in this study were drawn using Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) from Wessel et al. (2013) [59]. The first author is grateful to the Fulbright Foundation and to Prof. CK Shum for their support during the writing process of the manuscript. This study was supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey with the grant number 115Y237 . The GNSS/levelling data used in Istanbul geoid modelling were provided by the Istanbul GPS Triangulation Network 2005 (IGTN2005) and Istanbul Levelling Network (ILN) projects by Istanbul Technical University (ITU), Geodesy Division. Valley Cross Levelling (VCL) data were obtained by the Istanbul Strait Road Tunnel Crossing Project, conducted by Ark Project Management Engineering Services and Trade Ltd and ITU Geodesy division, under the supervision of Prof. Dr Rahmi Nurhan Celik. The authors are grateful to the data providers. We would also like to recognise Prof. Orhan Akyilmaz for his valuable feedback and critical review. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for their valuable and constructive comments on the manuscript and the editor for the handling of the review process. All maps in this study were drawn using Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) from Wessel et al. (2013) [ 59 ].

Funders	Funder number
Fulbright Foundation
Istanbul Levelling Network
Istanbul Strait Road Tunnel Crossing Project
Trade Ltd
Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştirma Kurumu	115Y237
Istanbul Teknik Üniversitesi

Keywords

Geoid
GNSS/levelling
Interpolation techniques
Soft computing techniques
Valley cross levelling

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10.1016/j.geog.2020.01.003

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abstract = "The Istanbul GPS Triangulation Network (IGTN) and the Istanbul Levelling Network (ILN), established in 2006, provide data for the determination of a local GNSS/levelling geoid model. These networks' measurements were done separately on both the Asian and European sides of the Bosphorus Strait in the vicinity of Istanbul. To connect these regions for those networks, a Valley Cross Levelling (VCL) data set, acquired in 1986 and 2004, was used. The use of this VCL data set was challenging in calculating the Istanbul geoid model, primarily because of its errors. In this study, this challenge was overcome through newly collected VCL data in 2010, allowing for the readjustment of the ILN and the newly collected VCL data set. The Istanbul geoid model was computed using soft computing techniques including the adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and the artificial neural networks (ANNs). The resulting Istanbul GNSS/levelling geoid model is shown to be more reliable when compared with the model computed using conventional interpolation techniques.",

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author = "M{\"u}ge Albayrak and {\"O}zl{\"u}demir, {Mustafa Tevfik} and Aref, {Mohammad Mohseni} and Kerem Halicioglu",

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Determination of Istanbul geoid using GNSS/levelling and valley cross levelling data

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

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