Design of a Wide-Beamwidth Circular Patch Antenna Element Based on TM21 Mode for Phased Array Applications

Burak Sevik; Kamil Karacuha; Galip Orkun Arican; Feza Turgay Celik; Burak Alptug Yilmaz

doi:10.23919/EuCAP68105.2026.11612714

Design of a Wide-Beamwidth Circular Patch Antenna Element Based on TM₂₁ Mode for Phased Array Applications

Burak Sevik^*
, Kamil Karacuha
, Galip Orkun Arican^*
, Feza Turgay Celik
, Burak Alptug Yilmaz^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Electrical Engineering

ASELSAN Inc.
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
Istanbul Technical University
Department of Microelectronics
Delft University of Technology

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

Abstract

This study presents a wide-beam circular microstrip patch element operating in the TM₂₁ mode for Ku-band phased arrays. In this design, the TM₂₁-mode conical radiation couples to symmetric parasitic dipoles on low- ϵ_r sidewalls, forming a Huygens-type radiator with a stable wide-angle pattern. Fullwave simulations show a resonance at 13.35 GHz with a return loss below -25dB and ∼ 450 MHz bandwidth for |S₁₁|< -10 dB. A flat-gain radiation pattern with a 3 dB beamwidth of ~ 275° is achieved, maintaining < 3 dB gain variation across -137.5°-+137.5°. Infinite-array analysis confirms matching better than -10 dB for elevation scans up to θ=70° within the band. The design provides a simple, array-compatible route toward wide-angle scanning arrays.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	20th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2026
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
ISBN (Electronic)	9788831299121
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.23919/EuCAP68105.2026.11612714
Publication status	Published - 2026
Event	20th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2026 - Dublin, Ireland Duration: 19 Apr 2026 → 24 Apr 2026

Publication series

Name	20th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2026

Conference

Conference	20th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2026
Country/Territory	Ireland
City	Dublin
Period	19/04/26 → 24/04/26

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2026 European Association of Antennas and Propagation.

Keywords

circular patch antenna
Huygens source
Ku-band
parasitic dipoles
phased arrays
TM mode
wide-beam radiator

Access to Document

10.23919/EuCAP68105.2026.11612714

Cite this

Sevik, B., Karacuha, K., Arican, G. O., Celik, F. T., & Yilmaz, B. A. (2026). Design of a Wide-Beamwidth Circular Patch Antenna Element Based on TM₂₁ Mode for Phased Array Applications. In 20th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2026 (20th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2026). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. https://doi.org/10.23919/EuCAP68105.2026.11612714

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title = "Design of a Wide-Beamwidth Circular Patch Antenna Element Based on TM21 Mode for Phased Array Applications",

abstract = "This study presents a wide-beam circular microstrip patch element operating in the TM21 mode for Ku-band phased arrays. In this design, the TM21-mode conical radiation couples to symmetric parasitic dipoles on low- ϵr sidewalls, forming a Huygens-type radiator with a stable wide-angle pattern. Fullwave simulations show a resonance at 13.35 GHz with a return loss below -25dB and ∼ 450 MHz bandwidth for |S11|< -10 dB. A flat-gain radiation pattern with a 3 dB beamwidth of \textasciitilde{} 275° is achieved, maintaining < 3 dB gain variation across -137.5°-+137.5°. Infinite-array analysis confirms matching better than -10 dB for elevation scans up to θ=70° within the band. The design provides a simple, array-compatible route toward wide-angle scanning arrays.",

keywords = "circular patch antenna, Huygens source, Ku-band, parasitic dipoles, phased arrays, TM mode, wide-beam radiator",

author = "Burak Sevik and Kamil Karacuha and Arican, \{Galip Orkun\} and Celik, \{Feza Turgay\} and Yilmaz, \{Burak Alptug\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2026 European Association of Antennas and Propagation.; 20th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2026 ; Conference date: 19-04-2026 Through 24-04-2026",

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doi = "10.23919/EuCAP68105.2026.11612714",

language = "English",

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Sevik, B, Karacuha, K, Arican, GO, Celik, FT & Yilmaz, BA 2026, Design of a Wide-Beamwidth Circular Patch Antenna Element Based on TM₂₁ Mode for Phased Array Applications. in 20th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2026. 20th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2026, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 20th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2026, Dublin, Ireland, 19/04/26. https://doi.org/10.23919/EuCAP68105.2026.11612714

Design of a Wide-Beamwidth Circular Patch Antenna Element Based on TM₂₁ Mode for Phased Array Applications. / Sevik, Burak; Karacuha, Kamil; Arican, Galip Orkun et al.
20th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2026. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2026. (20th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2026).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

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T1 - Design of a Wide-Beamwidth Circular Patch Antenna Element Based on TM21 Mode for Phased Array Applications

AU - Sevik, Burak

AU - Karacuha, Kamil

AU - Arican, Galip Orkun

AU - Celik, Feza Turgay

AU - Yilmaz, Burak Alptug

PY - 2026

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N2 - This study presents a wide-beam circular microstrip patch element operating in the TM21 mode for Ku-band phased arrays. In this design, the TM21-mode conical radiation couples to symmetric parasitic dipoles on low- ϵr sidewalls, forming a Huygens-type radiator with a stable wide-angle pattern. Fullwave simulations show a resonance at 13.35 GHz with a return loss below -25dB and ∼ 450 MHz bandwidth for |S11|< -10 dB. A flat-gain radiation pattern with a 3 dB beamwidth of ~ 275° is achieved, maintaining < 3 dB gain variation across -137.5°-+137.5°. Infinite-array analysis confirms matching better than -10 dB for elevation scans up to θ=70° within the band. The design provides a simple, array-compatible route toward wide-angle scanning arrays.

AB - This study presents a wide-beam circular microstrip patch element operating in the TM21 mode for Ku-band phased arrays. In this design, the TM21-mode conical radiation couples to symmetric parasitic dipoles on low- ϵr sidewalls, forming a Huygens-type radiator with a stable wide-angle pattern. Fullwave simulations show a resonance at 13.35 GHz with a return loss below -25dB and ∼ 450 MHz bandwidth for |S11|< -10 dB. A flat-gain radiation pattern with a 3 dB beamwidth of ~ 275° is achieved, maintaining < 3 dB gain variation across -137.5°-+137.5°. Infinite-array analysis confirms matching better than -10 dB for elevation scans up to θ=70° within the band. The design provides a simple, array-compatible route toward wide-angle scanning arrays.

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KW - Huygens source

KW - Ku-band

KW - parasitic dipoles

KW - phased arrays

KW - TM mode

KW - wide-beam radiator

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BT - 20th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2026

PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.

T2 - 20th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2026

Y2 - 19 April 2026 through 24 April 2026

ER -

Sevik B, Karacuha K, Arican GO, Celik FT, Yilmaz BA. Design of a Wide-Beamwidth Circular Patch Antenna Element Based on TM₂₁ Mode for Phased Array Applications. In 20th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2026. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. 2026. (20th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2026). doi: 10.23919/EuCAP68105.2026.11612714