Comparison of electrochromic amorphous and crystalline tungsten oxide films

Esra Ozkan; Se Hee Lee; C. Edwin Tracy; J. Roland Pitts; Satyen K. Deb

doi:10.1016/S0927-0248(03)00019-9

Comparison of electrochromic amorphous and crystalline tungsten oxide films

Esra Ozkan^*
, Se Hee Lee
, C. Edwin Tracy
, J. Roland Pitts
, Satyen K. Deb

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Physics Engineering

National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

142 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

A detailed systematic study of the tungsten oxide thin films has been carried out using WO₃ films after they were annealed at progressively increasing temperatures ranging from 350°C to 450°C in oxygen environments. The structural properties of the films were characterized using X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The amorphous WO₃ films remain as an amorphous phase up to 385°C and begin to crystallize at 390°C and then are completely crystallized at 450°C. Absorption peaks of the films are found to shift to a higher energy side with increasing annealing temperature up to 385°C and then shift abruptly to a lower energy as the films begin to crystallize at 390°C. Deconvolution of the absorption spectra shows that there are two different polaron transitions in the amorphous WO₃ films.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	439-448
Number of pages	10
Journal	Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells
Volume	79
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0927-0248(03)00019-9
Publication status	Published - 30 Sept 2003

Funding

This work was supported by DOE Office of Building Technology, State and Local Programs, Sam Taylor, Program Manager under Contract No. DE-AC36-99GO10337. We would like to thank Dr. P. Liu for informative discussions.

Funders
DOE Office of Building Technology

Keywords

Electrochromism
Thermal evaporation
Tungsten oxide

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10.1016/S0927-0248(03)00019-9

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abstract = "A detailed systematic study of the tungsten oxide thin films has been carried out using WO3 films after they were annealed at progressively increasing temperatures ranging from 350°C to 450°C in oxygen environments. The structural properties of the films were characterized using X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The amorphous WO3 films remain as an amorphous phase up to 385°C and begin to crystallize at 390°C and then are completely crystallized at 450°C. Absorption peaks of the films are found to shift to a higher energy side with increasing annealing temperature up to 385°C and then shift abruptly to a lower energy as the films begin to crystallize at 390°C. Deconvolution of the absorption spectra shows that there are two different polaron transitions in the amorphous WO3 films.",

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AU - Ozkan, Esra

AU - Lee, Se Hee

AU - Tracy, C. Edwin

AU - Pitts, J. Roland

AU - Deb, Satyen K.

PY - 2003/9/30

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N2 - A detailed systematic study of the tungsten oxide thin films has been carried out using WO3 films after they were annealed at progressively increasing temperatures ranging from 350°C to 450°C in oxygen environments. The structural properties of the films were characterized using X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The amorphous WO3 films remain as an amorphous phase up to 385°C and begin to crystallize at 390°C and then are completely crystallized at 450°C. Absorption peaks of the films are found to shift to a higher energy side with increasing annealing temperature up to 385°C and then shift abruptly to a lower energy as the films begin to crystallize at 390°C. Deconvolution of the absorption spectra shows that there are two different polaron transitions in the amorphous WO3 films.

AB - A detailed systematic study of the tungsten oxide thin films has been carried out using WO3 films after they were annealed at progressively increasing temperatures ranging from 350°C to 450°C in oxygen environments. The structural properties of the films were characterized using X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The amorphous WO3 films remain as an amorphous phase up to 385°C and begin to crystallize at 390°C and then are completely crystallized at 450°C. Absorption peaks of the films are found to shift to a higher energy side with increasing annealing temperature up to 385°C and then shift abruptly to a lower energy as the films begin to crystallize at 390°C. Deconvolution of the absorption spectra shows that there are two different polaron transitions in the amorphous WO3 films.

KW - Electrochromism

KW - Thermal evaporation

KW - Tungsten oxide

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VL - 79

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EP - 448

JO - Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

JF - Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

IS - 4

ER -

Comparison of electrochromic amorphous and crystalline tungsten oxide films

Abstract

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