Catalyzing benzoxazine polymerization with borohydrides to reduce the cure temperature and coloring

Zeynep Deliballi, Baris Kiskan*, Yusuf Yagci

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

8 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Sodium cyanoborohydride (NaCNBH3) and sodium borohydride (NaBH4) were used as catalysts to lower the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) temperature of 1,3-benzoxazines. According to the dynamic scanning calorimeter (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) studies, the onset ROP temperatures of model benzoxazine were decreased by ca. 80 °C. The activation energies of catalyzed ROP were estimated by Kissinger and Ozawa methods. Moreover, the room temperature behavior of the catalysts in benzoxazine was revealed by 1H NMR and FTIR, and it was found to be dormant at low temperatures and active after 170 °C. Besides catalytic activity, the borohydrides reduced the intense colorization of benzoxazines during curing, and the color changes of catalyzed and uncatalyzed polybenzoxazine samples were measured by colorimetry. Moreover, the thermal stabilities of the catalyzed polybenzoxazines were analyzed and compared to their un-catalyzed counterparts by thermal gravimetric analyses (TGA).

Original languageEnglish
Article number111679
JournalEuropean Polymer Journal
Volume181
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 5 Dec 2022

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd

Funding

The authors would like to thank Istanbul Technical University Research Fund (Project No. 43365). One of the authors, Z.D., would like to thank YOK for the 100/2000 doctoral scholarship and the TUBITAK 2211-A National Graduate Scholarship.

FundersFunder number
Istanbul Technical University Research Fund43365
Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu

    Keywords

    • Borohydrides
    • Catalyst
    • Coloring
    • Polybenzoxazine
    • Ring-opening polymerization

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