Black carbon and size-segregated elemental carbon, organic carbon compositions in a megacity: a case study for Istanbul

S. Levent Kuzu; Elif Yavuz; Ezgi Akyüz; Arslan Saral; Bülent Oktay Akkoyunlu; Hüseyin Özdemir; Göksel Demir; Alper Ünal

doi:10.1007/s11869-020-00839-1

Black carbon and size-segregated elemental carbon, organic carbon compositions in a megacity: a case study for Istanbul

S. Levent Kuzu^*, Elif Yavuz, Ezgi Akyüz, Arslan Saral, Bülent Oktay Akkoyunlu, Hüseyin Özdemir, Göksel Demir, Alper Ünal

^*Corresponding author for this work

Eurasia Institute of Earth Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

14 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

In this study, black carbon (BC), particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxides (NO_x), and sulphur dioxide (SO₂) were monitored between May 2019 and February 2020. During this sampling period, size-segregated particle samples were collected by a high-volume cascade impactor, once a week. Elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) were investigated on the size-segregated particles. The study was carried out at Esenler district of Istanbul. Main sources in the vicinity of the sampling area are Central Coach Station of Istanbul, residential buildings, small-scale industrial facilities, and O-1 and O-2 highway connection. The average BC concentration was 2763 ± 1974 ng/m³. PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 concentrations were 38.2 ± 17.4 and 21.5 ± 12.4 μg/m³, respectively. BC comprised 12.8% and 7.2% of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀, respectively. Diurnal variation of BC had a similar trend with NO₂ concentrations, which showed peak concentrations during rush hours. BC had high Pearson correlation coefficients with NO, NO₂, and PM_2.5. The geographical position of possible emission sources was estimated through conditional probability function. The Central Coach Station of Istanbul had the highest geographical possibility for BC sources. EC and OC exhibited bimodal size distribution. The coarse mode peak was at 0.95–1.5-μm size bin for OC, whilst it was at 1.5–3-μm size bin for EC. Since EC and BC exhibit the same origin with different measurement principles, we concluded that resuspension of road dust also contributed ambient BC concentrations.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	827-837
Number of pages	11
Journal	Air Quality, Atmosphere and Health
Volume	13
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-020-00839-1
Publication status	Published - 1 Jul 2020

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, Springer Nature B.V.

Funding

This work was supported by Research Fund of the Yildiz Technical University with Project Number: FBA-2019-3599 and Research Fund of the Marmara University with Project Number: FEN-C-YLP-130319-0066.

Funders	Funder number
Yildiz Teknik Üniversitesi	FBA-2019-3599
Marmara Üniversitesi	FEN-C-YLP-130319-0066

Keywords

Aerosol size distribution
Black carbon
Megacity
OC-EC

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10.1007/s11869-020-00839-1

Cite this

@article{064e92b93b45457eb443c0d246ed92fb,

title = "Black carbon and size-segregated elemental carbon, organic carbon compositions in a megacity: a case study for Istanbul",

abstract = "In this study, black carbon (BC), particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and sulphur dioxide (SO2) were monitored between May 2019 and February 2020. During this sampling period, size-segregated particle samples were collected by a high-volume cascade impactor, once a week. Elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) were investigated on the size-segregated particles. The study was carried out at Esenler district of Istanbul. Main sources in the vicinity of the sampling area are Central Coach Station of Istanbul, residential buildings, small-scale industrial facilities, and O-1 and O-2 highway connection. The average BC concentration was 2763 ± 1974 ng/m3. PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were 38.2 ± 17.4 and 21.5 ± 12.4 μg/m3, respectively. BC comprised 12.8% and 7.2% of PM2.5 and PM10, respectively. Diurnal variation of BC had a similar trend with NO2 concentrations, which showed peak concentrations during rush hours. BC had high Pearson correlation coefficients with NO, NO2, and PM2.5. The geographical position of possible emission sources was estimated through conditional probability function. The Central Coach Station of Istanbul had the highest geographical possibility for BC sources. EC and OC exhibited bimodal size distribution. The coarse mode peak was at 0.95–1.5-μm size bin for OC, whilst it was at 1.5–3-μm size bin for EC. Since EC and BC exhibit the same origin with different measurement principles, we concluded that resuspension of road dust also contributed ambient BC concentrations.",

keywords = "Aerosol size distribution, Black carbon, Megacity, OC-EC",

author = "Kuzu, {S. Levent} and Elif Yavuz and Ezgi Aky{\"u}z and Arslan Saral and Akkoyunlu, {B{\"u}lent Oktay} and H{\"u}seyin {\"O}zdemir and G{\"o}ksel Demir and Alper {\"U}nal",

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doi = "10.1007/s11869-020-00839-1",

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T1 - Black carbon and size-segregated elemental carbon, organic carbon compositions in a megacity

T2 - a case study for Istanbul

AU - Kuzu, S. Levent

AU - Yavuz, Elif

AU - Akyüz, Ezgi

AU - Saral, Arslan

AU - Akkoyunlu, Bülent Oktay

AU - Özdemir, Hüseyin

AU - Demir, Göksel

AU - Ünal, Alper

PY - 2020/7/1

Y1 - 2020/7/1

N2 - In this study, black carbon (BC), particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and sulphur dioxide (SO2) were monitored between May 2019 and February 2020. During this sampling period, size-segregated particle samples were collected by a high-volume cascade impactor, once a week. Elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) were investigated on the size-segregated particles. The study was carried out at Esenler district of Istanbul. Main sources in the vicinity of the sampling area are Central Coach Station of Istanbul, residential buildings, small-scale industrial facilities, and O-1 and O-2 highway connection. The average BC concentration was 2763 ± 1974 ng/m3. PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were 38.2 ± 17.4 and 21.5 ± 12.4 μg/m3, respectively. BC comprised 12.8% and 7.2% of PM2.5 and PM10, respectively. Diurnal variation of BC had a similar trend with NO2 concentrations, which showed peak concentrations during rush hours. BC had high Pearson correlation coefficients with NO, NO2, and PM2.5. The geographical position of possible emission sources was estimated through conditional probability function. The Central Coach Station of Istanbul had the highest geographical possibility for BC sources. EC and OC exhibited bimodal size distribution. The coarse mode peak was at 0.95–1.5-μm size bin for OC, whilst it was at 1.5–3-μm size bin for EC. Since EC and BC exhibit the same origin with different measurement principles, we concluded that resuspension of road dust also contributed ambient BC concentrations.

AB - In this study, black carbon (BC), particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and sulphur dioxide (SO2) were monitored between May 2019 and February 2020. During this sampling period, size-segregated particle samples were collected by a high-volume cascade impactor, once a week. Elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) were investigated on the size-segregated particles. The study was carried out at Esenler district of Istanbul. Main sources in the vicinity of the sampling area are Central Coach Station of Istanbul, residential buildings, small-scale industrial facilities, and O-1 and O-2 highway connection. The average BC concentration was 2763 ± 1974 ng/m3. PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were 38.2 ± 17.4 and 21.5 ± 12.4 μg/m3, respectively. BC comprised 12.8% and 7.2% of PM2.5 and PM10, respectively. Diurnal variation of BC had a similar trend with NO2 concentrations, which showed peak concentrations during rush hours. BC had high Pearson correlation coefficients with NO, NO2, and PM2.5. The geographical position of possible emission sources was estimated through conditional probability function. The Central Coach Station of Istanbul had the highest geographical possibility for BC sources. EC and OC exhibited bimodal size distribution. The coarse mode peak was at 0.95–1.5-μm size bin for OC, whilst it was at 1.5–3-μm size bin for EC. Since EC and BC exhibit the same origin with different measurement principles, we concluded that resuspension of road dust also contributed ambient BC concentrations.

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KW - OC-EC

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JF - Air Quality, Atmosphere and Health

IS - 7

ER -

Black carbon and size-segregated elemental carbon, organic carbon compositions in a megacity: a case study for Istanbul

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

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