Binalarda döşeme boşluklarýnýn taşýyýcý sistem davranýşýna etkisi

Openings having various shape and dimensions exist in the slabs of buildings due to architectural and mechanical considerations. There are various requirements and restrictions in the seismic codes related to dimensions of the openings, including the Turkish Seismic Code (TSC Requirements for buildings to be built in seismic zones, 2007). The Turkish Seismic Code requires that slab openings in floors larger than 1/3 of the floor gross area should be avoided. Otherwise, irregularity type A2 occurs and the slab should be considered as a non-rigid diaphragm. Furthermore, it is required that proper transfer of seismic loads to vertical structural elements should be assessed. In this study, behavior of the reinforced concrete buildings with a certain ratio of openings in the slabs are examined; requirements of the seismic codes of various countries related to this irregularity including TSC 2007, are given comparatively, the definition of irregularities and discontinuities in slabs are presented and the corresponding parameters are given in detail. The results of the numerical analysis related to slab opening irregularity and the effects of the numbers of floors, beam continuity, seismic zone, soil type and rigid and non-rigid diaphragm behavior on the results and on the behavior of the structural system are presented in figures. Furthermore the effects of the location and ratio of the slab openings on the structural system are also investigated.