Applications of Environmentally Friendly Metal Oxides as PEM Fuel Cell Cathode Catalysts

Orhan Baytar; Ömer Şahin; Abdurrahman Akdag; Gurbet Canpolat; Arzu Ekinci

doi:10.1007/s40684-025-00735-y

Applications of Environmentally Friendly Metal Oxides as PEM Fuel Cell Cathode Catalysts

Orhan Baytar
, Ömer Şahin
, Abdurrahman Akdag
, Gurbet Canpolat
, Arzu Ekinci^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Chemical Engineering

Siirt University
Harran University

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

10 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

For the first time, this study investigated the behaviors of CuO and FeO metal oxides synthesized from bean shell extract using an environmentally friendly green synthesis method at varying cell temperatures in PEMFCs according to the amount of Pt used. Analyzed techniques such as XRD, SEM–EDX, TEM, and XPS were used to ascertain the structural and morphological characteristics of the produced catalysts. The performance of the catalysts was evaluated based on the voltage-current density values obtained from PEMFCs at different cell temperatures and increased at higher cell temperatures.At a cell temperature of 70 °C, the Pt-FeO/C and Pt-CuO/C catalysts exhibited higher power values than the Pt/FeO-C and Pt/CuO-C catalysts, containing only half the amount per unit area. The power density values for catalysts were tested as follows: 3380 mW/cm²mg_Pt for Pt-FeO/C, 1697 mW/cm²mg_Pt for Pt-CuO/C, 919 mW/cm²mg_Pt for Pt/FeO-C, and 1264 mW/cm²mg_Pt for Pt/CuO-C, and these values were determined to be higher than the values measured using the Pt/C (431 mW/cm²mg_Pt) catalyst. According to the measured current density-power density values, It was determined that the performances of the catalysts were Pt/FeO-C > Pt-CuO/C > Pt/CuO-C > Pt-FeO/C.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	147-165
Number of pages	19
Journal	International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing - Green Technology
Volume	13
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s40684-025-00735-y
Publication status	Published - Jan 2026

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2025.

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy

Keywords

Green synthesis
Low platinum loading
Metal oxide nanoparticles
PEM fuel cells
Power density

Access to Document

10.1007/s40684-025-00735-y

Cite this

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title = "Applications of Environmentally Friendly Metal Oxides as PEM Fuel Cell Cathode Catalysts",

abstract = "For the first time, this study investigated the behaviors of CuO and FeO metal oxides synthesized from bean shell extract using an environmentally friendly green synthesis method at varying cell temperatures in PEMFCs according to the amount of Pt used. Analyzed techniques such as XRD, SEM{\textendash}EDX, TEM, and XPS were used to ascertain the structural and morphological characteristics of the produced catalysts. The performance of the catalysts was evaluated based on the voltage-current density values obtained from PEMFCs at different cell temperatures and increased at higher cell temperatures.At a cell temperature of 70 °C, the Pt-FeO/C and Pt-CuO/C catalysts exhibited higher power values than the Pt/FeO-C and Pt/CuO-C catalysts, containing only half the amount per unit area. The power density values for catalysts were tested as follows: 3380 mW/cm2mgPt for Pt-FeO/C, 1697 mW/cm2mgPt for Pt-CuO/C, 919 mW/cm2mgPt for Pt/FeO-C, and 1264 mW/cm2mgPt for Pt/CuO-C, and these values were determined to be higher than the values measured using the Pt/C (431 mW/cm2mgPt) catalyst. According to the measured current density-power density values, It was determined that the performances of the catalysts were Pt/FeO-C > Pt-CuO/C > Pt/CuO-C > Pt-FeO/C.",

keywords = "Green synthesis, Low platinum loading, Metal oxide nanoparticles, PEM fuel cells, Power density",

author = "Orhan Baytar and {\"O}mer {\c S}ahin and Abdurrahman Akdag and Gurbet Canpolat and Arzu Ekinci",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2025.",

year = "2026",

month = jan,

doi = "10.1007/s40684-025-00735-y",

language = "English",

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AU - Baytar, Orhan

AU - Şahin, Ömer

AU - Akdag, Abdurrahman

AU - Canpolat, Gurbet

AU - Ekinci, Arzu

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2025.

PY - 2026/1

Y1 - 2026/1

N2 - For the first time, this study investigated the behaviors of CuO and FeO metal oxides synthesized from bean shell extract using an environmentally friendly green synthesis method at varying cell temperatures in PEMFCs according to the amount of Pt used. Analyzed techniques such as XRD, SEM–EDX, TEM, and XPS were used to ascertain the structural and morphological characteristics of the produced catalysts. The performance of the catalysts was evaluated based on the voltage-current density values obtained from PEMFCs at different cell temperatures and increased at higher cell temperatures.At a cell temperature of 70 °C, the Pt-FeO/C and Pt-CuO/C catalysts exhibited higher power values than the Pt/FeO-C and Pt/CuO-C catalysts, containing only half the amount per unit area. The power density values for catalysts were tested as follows: 3380 mW/cm2mgPt for Pt-FeO/C, 1697 mW/cm2mgPt for Pt-CuO/C, 919 mW/cm2mgPt for Pt/FeO-C, and 1264 mW/cm2mgPt for Pt/CuO-C, and these values were determined to be higher than the values measured using the Pt/C (431 mW/cm2mgPt) catalyst. According to the measured current density-power density values, It was determined that the performances of the catalysts were Pt/FeO-C > Pt-CuO/C > Pt/CuO-C > Pt-FeO/C.

AB - For the first time, this study investigated the behaviors of CuO and FeO metal oxides synthesized from bean shell extract using an environmentally friendly green synthesis method at varying cell temperatures in PEMFCs according to the amount of Pt used. Analyzed techniques such as XRD, SEM–EDX, TEM, and XPS were used to ascertain the structural and morphological characteristics of the produced catalysts. The performance of the catalysts was evaluated based on the voltage-current density values obtained from PEMFCs at different cell temperatures and increased at higher cell temperatures.At a cell temperature of 70 °C, the Pt-FeO/C and Pt-CuO/C catalysts exhibited higher power values than the Pt/FeO-C and Pt/CuO-C catalysts, containing only half the amount per unit area. The power density values for catalysts were tested as follows: 3380 mW/cm2mgPt for Pt-FeO/C, 1697 mW/cm2mgPt for Pt-CuO/C, 919 mW/cm2mgPt for Pt/FeO-C, and 1264 mW/cm2mgPt for Pt/CuO-C, and these values were determined to be higher than the values measured using the Pt/C (431 mW/cm2mgPt) catalyst. According to the measured current density-power density values, It was determined that the performances of the catalysts were Pt/FeO-C > Pt-CuO/C > Pt/CuO-C > Pt-FeO/C.

KW - Green synthesis

KW - Low platinum loading

KW - Metal oxide nanoparticles

KW - PEM fuel cells

KW - Power density

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M3 - Article

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SN - 2288-6206

VL - 13

SP - 147

EP - 165

JO - International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing - Green Technology

JF - International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing - Green Technology

IS - 1

ER -

Applications of Environmentally Friendly Metal Oxides as PEM Fuel Cell Cathode Catalysts

Abstract

Bibliographical note

UN SDGs

Keywords

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