Altered kidney function induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection and acute kidney damage markers predict survival outcomes of COVID-19 patients: a prospective pilot study

Mustafa Zafer Temiz; Ibrahim Hacibey; Ramazan Omer Yazar; Mehmet Salih Sevdi; Suat Hayri Kucuk; Gizem Alkurt; Levent Doganay; Gizem Dinler Doganay; Muhammet Murat Dincer; Emrah Yuruk; Kerem Erkalp; Ahmet Yaser Muslumanoglu

doi:10.1080/0886022X.2022.2032743

Altered kidney function induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection and acute kidney damage markers predict survival outcomes of COVID-19 patients: a prospective pilot study

Mustafa Zafer Temiz^*, Ibrahim Hacibey, Ramazan Omer Yazar, Mehmet Salih Sevdi, Suat Hayri Kucuk, Gizem Alkurt, Levent Doganay, Gizem Dinler Doganay, Muhammet Murat Dincer, Emrah Yuruk, Kerem Erkalp, Ahmet Yaser Muslumanoglu

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

16 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: Literature with regard to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated morbidities and the risk factors for death are still emerging. In this study, we investigated the presence of kidney damage markers and their predictive value for survival among hospitalized subjects with COVID-19. Methods: Forty-seven participants was included and grouped as: ‘COVID-19 patients before treatment’, ‘COVID-19 patients after treatment’, ‘COVID-19 patients under treatment in intensive care unit (ICU)’, and ‘controls’. Kidney function tests and several kidney injury biomarkers were compared between the groups. Cumulative rates of death from COVID-19 were determined using the Kaplan–Meier method. The associations between covariates including kidney injury markers and death from COVID-19 were examined, as well. Results: Serum creatinine and cystatin C levels, urine Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1)/creatinine ratio, and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI), CKD-EPI cystatin C, and CKD-EPI creatinine–cystatin C levels demonstrated significant difference among the groups. The most significant difference was noted between the groups ‘COVID-19 patients before treatment’ and ‘COVID-19 patients under treatment in ICU’. Advancing age, proteinuria, elevated serum cystatin C, and urine KIM-1/creatinine ratio were all significant univariate correlates of death (p < 0.05, for all). However, only elevated urine KIM-1/creatinine ratio retained significance in an age, sex, and comorbidities adjusted multivariable Cox regression (OR 6.11; 95% CI: 1.22–30.53; p = 0.02), whereas serum cystatin C showing only a statistically non-significant trend (OR 1.42; 95% CI: 0.00–2.52; p = 0.09). Conclusions: Our findings clearly demonstrated the acute kidney injury related to COVID-19. Moreover, urine KIM-1/creatinine ratio was associated with COVID-19 specific death.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	233-240
Number of pages	8
Journal	Renal Failure
Volume	44
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1080/0886022X.2022.2032743
Publication status	Published - 2022

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Funding

This work supported by the Health Institutes of Turkey (TUSEB) with a Grant number of 2020‐CV‐01‐8708/8969. The authors thank administration and staffs of the TUSEB. The authors express our special thanks of gratitude to our clinic nurses for their substantial contribution to the study while they exhibited heroic efforts during the fight against COVID‐19. The authors thank our allied health personnel for their infinite pains, as well.

Funders	Funder number
Health Institutes of Turkey
TUSEB	2020‐CV‐01‐8708/8969

Keywords

COVID-19
acute kidney injury
kidney
survival analysis

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1080/0886022X.2022.2032743

Cite this

Temiz, M. Z., Hacibey, I., Yazar, R. O., Sevdi, M. S., Kucuk, S. H., Alkurt, G., Doganay, L., Dinler Doganay, G., Dincer, M. M., Yuruk, E., Erkalp, K., & Muslumanoglu, A. Y. (2022). Altered kidney function induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection and acute kidney damage markers predict survival outcomes of COVID-19 patients: a prospective pilot study. Renal Failure, 44(1), 233-240. https://doi.org/10.1080/0886022X.2022.2032743

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abstract = "Background: Literature with regard to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated morbidities and the risk factors for death are still emerging. In this study, we investigated the presence of kidney damage markers and their predictive value for survival among hospitalized subjects with COVID-19. Methods: Forty-seven participants was included and grouped as: {\textquoteleft}COVID-19 patients before treatment{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteleft}COVID-19 patients after treatment{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteleft}COVID-19 patients under treatment in intensive care unit (ICU){\textquoteright}, and {\textquoteleft}controls{\textquoteright}. Kidney function tests and several kidney injury biomarkers were compared between the groups. Cumulative rates of death from COVID-19 were determined using the Kaplan–Meier method. The associations between covariates including kidney injury markers and death from COVID-19 were examined, as well. Results: Serum creatinine and cystatin C levels, urine Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1)/creatinine ratio, and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI), CKD-EPI cystatin C, and CKD-EPI creatinine–cystatin C levels demonstrated significant difference among the groups. The most significant difference was noted between the groups {\textquoteleft}COVID-19 patients before treatment{\textquoteright} and {\textquoteleft}COVID-19 patients under treatment in ICU{\textquoteright}. Advancing age, proteinuria, elevated serum cystatin C, and urine KIM-1/creatinine ratio were all significant univariate correlates of death (p < 0.05, for all). However, only elevated urine KIM-1/creatinine ratio retained significance in an age, sex, and comorbidities adjusted multivariable Cox regression (OR 6.11; 95% CI: 1.22–30.53; p = 0.02), whereas serum cystatin C showing only a statistically non-significant trend (OR 1.42; 95% CI: 0.00–2.52; p = 0.09). Conclusions: Our findings clearly demonstrated the acute kidney injury related to COVID-19. Moreover, urine KIM-1/creatinine ratio was associated with COVID-19 specific death.",

keywords = "COVID-19, acute kidney injury, kidney, survival analysis",

author = "Temiz, {Mustafa Zafer} and Ibrahim Hacibey and Yazar, {Ramazan Omer} and Sevdi, {Mehmet Salih} and Kucuk, {Suat Hayri} and Gizem Alkurt and Levent Doganay and {Dinler Doganay}, Gizem and Dincer, {Muhammet Murat} and Emrah Yuruk and Kerem Erkalp and Muslumanoglu, {Ahmet Yaser}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.",

year = "2022",

doi = "10.1080/0886022X.2022.2032743",

language = "English",

volume = "44",

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Temiz, MZ, Hacibey, I, Yazar, RO, Sevdi, MS, Kucuk, SH, Alkurt, G, Doganay, L, Dinler Doganay, G, Dincer, MM, Yuruk, E, Erkalp, K & Muslumanoglu, AY 2022, 'Altered kidney function induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection and acute kidney damage markers predict survival outcomes of COVID-19 patients: a prospective pilot study', Renal Failure, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 233-240. https://doi.org/10.1080/0886022X.2022.2032743

TY - JOUR

T1 - Altered kidney function induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection and acute kidney damage markers predict survival outcomes of COVID-19 patients

T2 - a prospective pilot study

AU - Temiz, Mustafa Zafer

AU - Hacibey, Ibrahim

AU - Yazar, Ramazan Omer

AU - Sevdi, Mehmet Salih

AU - Kucuk, Suat Hayri

AU - Alkurt, Gizem

AU - Doganay, Levent

AU - Dinler Doganay, Gizem

AU - Dincer, Muhammet Murat

AU - Yuruk, Emrah

AU - Erkalp, Kerem

AU - Muslumanoglu, Ahmet Yaser

PY - 2022

Y1 - 2022

N2 - Background: Literature with regard to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated morbidities and the risk factors for death are still emerging. In this study, we investigated the presence of kidney damage markers and their predictive value for survival among hospitalized subjects with COVID-19. Methods: Forty-seven participants was included and grouped as: ‘COVID-19 patients before treatment’, ‘COVID-19 patients after treatment’, ‘COVID-19 patients under treatment in intensive care unit (ICU)’, and ‘controls’. Kidney function tests and several kidney injury biomarkers were compared between the groups. Cumulative rates of death from COVID-19 were determined using the Kaplan–Meier method. The associations between covariates including kidney injury markers and death from COVID-19 were examined, as well. Results: Serum creatinine and cystatin C levels, urine Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1)/creatinine ratio, and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI), CKD-EPI cystatin C, and CKD-EPI creatinine–cystatin C levels demonstrated significant difference among the groups. The most significant difference was noted between the groups ‘COVID-19 patients before treatment’ and ‘COVID-19 patients under treatment in ICU’. Advancing age, proteinuria, elevated serum cystatin C, and urine KIM-1/creatinine ratio were all significant univariate correlates of death (p < 0.05, for all). However, only elevated urine KIM-1/creatinine ratio retained significance in an age, sex, and comorbidities adjusted multivariable Cox regression (OR 6.11; 95% CI: 1.22–30.53; p = 0.02), whereas serum cystatin C showing only a statistically non-significant trend (OR 1.42; 95% CI: 0.00–2.52; p = 0.09). Conclusions: Our findings clearly demonstrated the acute kidney injury related to COVID-19. Moreover, urine KIM-1/creatinine ratio was associated with COVID-19 specific death.

AB - Background: Literature with regard to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated morbidities and the risk factors for death are still emerging. In this study, we investigated the presence of kidney damage markers and their predictive value for survival among hospitalized subjects with COVID-19. Methods: Forty-seven participants was included and grouped as: ‘COVID-19 patients before treatment’, ‘COVID-19 patients after treatment’, ‘COVID-19 patients under treatment in intensive care unit (ICU)’, and ‘controls’. Kidney function tests and several kidney injury biomarkers were compared between the groups. Cumulative rates of death from COVID-19 were determined using the Kaplan–Meier method. The associations between covariates including kidney injury markers and death from COVID-19 were examined, as well. Results: Serum creatinine and cystatin C levels, urine Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1)/creatinine ratio, and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI), CKD-EPI cystatin C, and CKD-EPI creatinine–cystatin C levels demonstrated significant difference among the groups. The most significant difference was noted between the groups ‘COVID-19 patients before treatment’ and ‘COVID-19 patients under treatment in ICU’. Advancing age, proteinuria, elevated serum cystatin C, and urine KIM-1/creatinine ratio were all significant univariate correlates of death (p < 0.05, for all). However, only elevated urine KIM-1/creatinine ratio retained significance in an age, sex, and comorbidities adjusted multivariable Cox regression (OR 6.11; 95% CI: 1.22–30.53; p = 0.02), whereas serum cystatin C showing only a statistically non-significant trend (OR 1.42; 95% CI: 0.00–2.52; p = 0.09). Conclusions: Our findings clearly demonstrated the acute kidney injury related to COVID-19. Moreover, urine KIM-1/creatinine ratio was associated with COVID-19 specific death.

KW - COVID-19

KW - acute kidney injury

KW - kidney

KW - survival analysis

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U2 - 10.1080/0886022X.2022.2032743

DO - 10.1080/0886022X.2022.2032743

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AN - SCOPUS:85124775646

SN - 0886-022X

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IS - 1

ER -

Altered kidney function induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection and acute kidney damage markers predict survival outcomes of COVID-19 patients: a prospective pilot study

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

UN SDGs

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