TY - JOUR
T1 - A Stacked Multi-Sensor Platform for Real-Time MRI Guided Interventions
AU - Zolfaghari, Parviz
AU - Erden, Oguz K.
AU - Tumer, Murat
AU - Yalcinkaya, Arda D.
AU - Ferhanoglu, Onur
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2023/2
Y1 - 2023/2
N2 - We present a stacked temperature, pressure, and localization platform, targeted for minimally invasive surgical and diagnostic applications under Magnetic Resonance Imaging. The platform comprises a micro-fabricated three-layer (Titanium-Parylene-Titanium) membrane pressure sensor, a Gallium Arsenide band-gap temperature sensor, and a magnetic material on double prism retro-reflector that benefits from Magneto-Optic Kerr effect as a magnetic field sensor, to provide localization feedback under Magnetic Resonance Imaging. All sensors can be addressed with a single fiber optic cable, where the collected light is directed to a spectrometer and a polarimeter. For the three-layer microfabricated membrane sensor, an analytical formulation is derived, linking the pressure to optical intensity. Moreover, finite-element simulation results are provided, verifying analytical findings. Wavelength division multiplexing is exploited to address the sensors simultaneously. We measured sensitivities of 0.025 millidegree/Gauss rotation of polarization, 1.5 nm/mmHg displacement (in agreement with simulation results and analytical findings), 0.36 nm/°C bandgap wavelength shift for magnetic field, pressure, and temperature sensors; respectively. With further development, the proposed device can be adapted to a clinical setting for use in Magnetic Resonance assisted surgical procedures.
AB - We present a stacked temperature, pressure, and localization platform, targeted for minimally invasive surgical and diagnostic applications under Magnetic Resonance Imaging. The platform comprises a micro-fabricated three-layer (Titanium-Parylene-Titanium) membrane pressure sensor, a Gallium Arsenide band-gap temperature sensor, and a magnetic material on double prism retro-reflector that benefits from Magneto-Optic Kerr effect as a magnetic field sensor, to provide localization feedback under Magnetic Resonance Imaging. All sensors can be addressed with a single fiber optic cable, where the collected light is directed to a spectrometer and a polarimeter. For the three-layer microfabricated membrane sensor, an analytical formulation is derived, linking the pressure to optical intensity. Moreover, finite-element simulation results are provided, verifying analytical findings. Wavelength division multiplexing is exploited to address the sensors simultaneously. We measured sensitivities of 0.025 millidegree/Gauss rotation of polarization, 1.5 nm/mmHg displacement (in agreement with simulation results and analytical findings), 0.36 nm/°C bandgap wavelength shift for magnetic field, pressure, and temperature sensors; respectively. With further development, the proposed device can be adapted to a clinical setting for use in Magnetic Resonance assisted surgical procedures.
KW - 0000
KW - 1111
KW - Fiber Optics
KW - Magnetic Resonance Imaging
KW - MEMS
KW - Sensors
KW - Wavelength Division Multiplexing
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85140287116&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.optlaseng.2022.107323
DO - 10.1016/j.optlaseng.2022.107323
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85140287116
SN - 0143-8166
VL - 161
JO - Optics and Lasers in Engineering
JF - Optics and Lasers in Engineering
M1 - 107323
ER -