A Compact Artificial Magnetic Conductor Design for Wearable Devices Working in Ble and Wi-Fi Frequencies

This paper presents an analysis of a compact Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC)-backed antenna structure for wearable devices, simulated using ANSYS Electronics Desktop (ANSYS 2024 R2). Three scenarios were examined: the performance of the standalone antenna, and the antenna's performance and Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) distribution with and without the AMC structure, integrated adjacent to a realistic human hand phantom. Simulation results demonstrate that integrating the AMC structure increases antenna gain by up to 2 dB at 2.45 GHz and 3.6 dB at 5 GHz, while reducing the SAR value by up to 95% compared to the standalone configuration at these frequencies, thus ensuring compliance with international regulatory standards. SAR analyses were conducted at both a standardized input power of 1 W and a practical scenario of 200 mW, representative of typical wearable device operation, with results confirming significant SAR reductions at both power levels. Overall, the proposed compact AMC structure offers enhanced antenna performance and substantial SAR reduction for wearable applications, distinguishing itself from previous studies through its small footprint and dual-band effectiveness.